Sea lions, seals and otters, sentence 5
Sea lions can walk on all four flippers by turning their back flippers forward and have small ear flaps; true seals, like the harbour seal, have no ear flaps and wriggle on land.
Who acts: Sea lions, true seals · What happens: walk, turn, have, wriggle · To what, where: four flippers, back flippers, small ear flaps, ear flaps, land
This is a sentence of the lesson «Sea lions, seals and otters» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sea lions, true seals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 lions | compound |
| 2 | lions | lion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 walk | nsubj |
| 3 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 walk | aux |
| 4 | walk | walk | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | on | on | ADP | _ | 8 flippers | case |
| 6 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 8 flippers | det |
| 7 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 8 flippers | nummod |
| 8 | flippers | flipper | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 walk | obl |
| 9 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 10 turning | mark |
| 10 | turning | turn | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 walk | advcl |
| 11 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 flippers | nmod:poss |
| 12 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 flippers | compound |
| 13 | flippers | flipper | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 turning | obj |
| 14 | forward | forward | ADV | _ | 10 turning | advmod |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 have | cc |
| 16 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 walk | conj |
| 17 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 flaps | amod |
| 18 | ear | ear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 flaps | compound |
| 19 | flaps | flap | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 have | obj |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 seals | punct |
| 21 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 seals | amod |
| 22 | seals | seal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 have | nsubj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 seal | punct |
| 24 | like | like | ADP | _ | 27 seal | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 seal | det |
| 26 | harbour | harbour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 seal | compound |
| 27 | seal | seal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 seals | nmod |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 have | punct |
| 29 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 walk | parataxis |
| 30 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 32 flaps | det |
| 31 | ear | ear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 flaps | compound |
| 32 | flaps | flap | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 have | obj |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 wriggle | cc |
| 34 | wriggle | wriggle | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 have | conj |
| 35 | on | on | ADP | _ | 36 land | case |
| 36 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 wriggle | obl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 walk | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | walk | can | Sea lions | all four flippers | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on flipper=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | turn | gerund | Sea lions not said here | flippers's back flippers | forward property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent flipper=Theme | |||
| 3 | have | present | Sea lions not said here | small ear flaps | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flap=Patient | ||||
| 4 | have | present | true seals like the harbour seal | no ear flaps | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flap=Patient | ||||
| 5 | wriggle | infinitive | true seals like the harbour seal not said here | land | vn body_internal_motion-49.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters/5/