The African savanna area: hippos, meerkats, ostriches, wild dogs and hyenas, sentence 12

An ostrich's eye is about 5 centimetres across, bigger than its brain, and it has only two toes on each foot, which helps it run fast.

Who acts: eye, ostrich, two toes · What happens: be, have, help, run · To what, where: 5 centimetres, two toes, foot, ostrich

This is a sentence of the lesson «The African savanna area: hippos, meerkats, ostriches, wild dogs and hyenas» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (eye, ostrich, two toes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 ostrich	det
2	ostrich	ostrich	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 eye	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 ostrich	case
4	eye	eye	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 centimetres	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 centimetres	cop
6	about	about	ADV	_	7 5	advmod
7	5	5	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	8 centimetres	nummod
8	centimetres	centimetre	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
9	across	across	ADV	_	8 centimetres	advmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 bigger	punct
11	bigger	big	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	8 centimetres	amod
12	than	than	ADP	_	14 brain	case
13	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 brain	nmod:poss
14	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 bigger	obl
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 has	punct
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 has	cc
17	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 has	nsubj
18	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 centimetres	conj
19	only	only	ADV	_	20 two	advmod
20	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	21 toes	nummod
21	toes	toe	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 has	obj
22	on	on	ADP	_	24 foot	case
23	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	24 foot	det
24	foot	foot	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 toes	nmod
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 helps	punct
26	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	27 helps	nsubj
27	helps	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 toes	acl:relcl
28	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 helps	obj
29	run	run	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	27 helps	xcomp
30	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	29 run	advmod
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 centimetres	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a ostrich's eye	5 centimetres		across property	tree rules
2	have	present	ostrich	two toes	each foot		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toe=Patient
3	help	present	two toes	ostrich			vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent it=Beneficiary clause=Theme
4	run	infinitive	ostrich not said here			fast property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:102-the-african-savanna-area-hippos-meerkats-ostriches.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/102-the-african-savanna-area-hippos-meerkats-ostriches/12/