The Australian walkabout: kangaroos, emus, wallabies and dingoes, sentence 1
A kangaroo is a living pogo stick: springy tendons in its back legs store energy at every landing, so it bounces along fast for very little effort, and a joey peeps out of its mother's pouch to watch.
Who acts: kangaroo, springy tendons, energy, joey · What happens: be, store, bounce, peep out, watch · To what, where: pogo stick, energy, landing, pouch
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Australian walkabout: kangaroos, emus, wallabies and dingoes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (kangaroo, springy tendons, energy, joey), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 kangaroo | det |
| 2 | kangaroo | kangaroo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 stick | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 stick | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 stick | det |
| 5 | living | living | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 pogo | compound |
| 6 | pogo | pogo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 stick | compound |
| 7 | stick | stick | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 10 tendons | punct |
| 9 | springy | springy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 tendons | amod |
| 10 | tendons | tendon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 stick | appos |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 legs | case |
| 12 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 legs | nmod:poss |
| 13 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 legs | compound |
| 14 | legs | leg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 tendons | nmod |
| 15 | store | store | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 tendons | acl |
| 16 | energy | energy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 store | obj |
| 17 | at | at | ADP | _ | 19 landing | case |
| 18 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 19 landing | det |
| 19 | landing | landing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 store | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 bounces | punct |
| 21 | so | so | ADV | _ | 23 bounces | advmod |
| 22 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 bounces | nsubj |
| 23 | bounces | bounce | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 stick | conj |
| 24 | along | along | ADV | _ | 23 bounces | advmod |
| 25 | fast | fast | ADV | Degree=Pos | 23 bounces | advmod |
| 26 | for | for | ADP | _ | 29 effort | case |
| 27 | very | very | ADV | _ | 28 little | advmod |
| 28 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 effort | amod |
| 29 | effort | effort | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 bounces | obl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 peeps | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 peeps | cc |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 joey | det |
| 33 | joey | joey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 peeps | nsubj |
| 34 | peeps | peep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 bounces | conj |
| 35 | out | out | ADP | _ | 40 pouch | case |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 40 pouch | case |
| 37 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 38 mother | nmod:poss |
| 38 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 pouch | nmod:poss |
| 39 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 38 mother | case |
| 40 | pouch | pouch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 peeps | obl |
| 41 | to | to | PART | _ | 42 watch | mark |
| 42 | watch | watch | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 40 pouch | acl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 stick | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a kangaroo | a pogo stick | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | store | present | springy tendons in stick's back legs not said here | energy | every landing | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent energy=Theme at landing=Location | |||
| 3 | bounce | present | energy | for little effort; along, fast property | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | peep out | present | a joey | joey's mother's pouch | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent pouch=Theme | ||||
| 5 | watch | to-infinitive | a joey not said here | joey's mother's pouch not said here | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:103-the-australian-walkabout-kangaroos-emus-wallabies-dingoes.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/103-the-australian-walkabout-kangaroos-emus-wallabies-dingoes/1/