The Australian walkabout: kangaroos, emus, wallabies and dingoes, sentence 5

Kangaroos hop with springy tendons that store energy like a pogo stick, so hopping fast costs them hardly more energy than hopping slowly.

Who acts: Kangaroos, springy tendons, hopping · What happens: hop, store, cost · To what, where: energy, more energy, kangaroos

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Australian walkabout: kangaroos, emus, wallabies and dingoes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kangaroos, springy tendons, hopping), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kangaroos	kangaroo	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 hop	nsubj
2	hop	hop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	with	with	ADP	_	5 tendons	case
4	springy	springy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 tendons	amod
5	tendons	tendon	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 hop	obl
6	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 store	nsubj
7	store	store	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 tendons	acl:relcl
8	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 store	obj
9	like	like	ADP	_	12 stick	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 stick	det
11	pogo	pogo	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 stick	compound
12	stick	stick	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 store	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 hopping	punct
14	so	so	ADV	_	17 costs	advmod
15	hopping	hop	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	17 costs	csubj
16	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	15 hopping	advmod
17	costs	cost	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 hop	advcl
18	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 costs	iobj
19	hardly	hardly	ADV	_	21 energy	advmod
20	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	21 energy	amod
21	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 costs	obj
22	than	than	SCONJ	_	23 hopping	mark
23	hopping	hop	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	21 energy	advcl
24	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	23 hopping	advmod
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 hop	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	hop	present	Kangaroos			with springy tendons	vn swarm-47.5.1-1 «PP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with tendon=Theme
2	store	present	springy tendons	energy		like a pogo stick	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme
3	hop	gerund				fast property	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	cost	present	hopping	more energy	kangaroos = kangaroo		vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Theme they=Beneficiary energy=Value
5	hop	gerund	hopping not said here			slowly property	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:103-the-australian-walkabout-kangaroos-emus-wallabies-dingoes.lesson:5.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/103-the-australian-walkabout-kangaroos-emus-wallabies-dingoes/5/