The Asian forest area: giant pandas, red pandas, tapirs and sun bears, sentence 13
Asian small-clawed otters live in big families and find crabs and shellfish by feeling under stones with clever, finger-like paws; otters for cafés and the pet trade are often caught illegally from the wild, which harms wild otters.
Who acts: Asian clawed otters · What happens: claw, live, find, feel, catch, harm · To what, where: big families, crabs, stones, otters, wild, wild otters
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Asian forest area: giant pandas, red pandas, tapirs and sun bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Asian clawed otters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Asian | Asian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 otters | amod |
| 2 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 clawed | amod |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 small | punct |
| 4 | clawed | claw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 otters | amod |
| 5 | otters | otter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 live | nsubj |
| 6 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 families | case |
| 8 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 families | amod |
| 9 | families | family | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 live | obl |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 find | cc |
| 11 | find | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 live | conj |
| 12 | crabs | crab | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 find | obj |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 shellfish | cc |
| 14 | shellfish | shellfish | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 crabs | conj |
| 15 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 16 feeling | mark |
| 16 | feeling | feel | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 find | advcl |
| 17 | under | under | ADP | _ | 18 stones | case |
| 18 | stones | stone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 feeling | obl |
| 19 | with | with | ADP | _ | 25 paws | case |
| 20 | clever | clever | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 paws | amod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 like | punct |
| 22 | finger | finger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 like | obl:unmarked |
| 23 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 22 finger | punct |
| 24 | like | like | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 clever | conj |
| 25 | paws | paw | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 feeling | obl |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 otters | punct |
| 27 | otters | otter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 caught | nsubj:pass |
| 28 | for | for | ADP | _ | 29 cafés | case |
| 29 | cafés | café | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 otters | nmod |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 trade | cc |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 trade | det |
| 32 | pet | pet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 trade | compound |
| 33 | trade | trade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 cafés | conj |
| 34 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 caught | aux:pass |
| 35 | often | often | ADV | _ | 36 caught | advmod |
| 36 | caught | catch | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 live | conj |
| 37 | illegally | illegally | ADV | _ | 36 caught | advmod |
| 38 | from | from | ADP | _ | 40 wild | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 wild | det |
| 40 | wild | wild | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 caught | obl |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 harms | punct |
| 42 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 43 harms | nsubj |
| 43 | harms | harm | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 caught | advcl:relcl |
| 44 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 otters | amod |
| 45 | otters | otter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 harms | obj |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 live | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | claw | participle | vn swat-18.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | live | present | Asian clawed otters | big families | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in family=Location | ||||
| 3 | find | present | Asian clawed otters not said here | crabs and shellfish | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crab=Topic | ||||
| 4 | feel | gerund | Asian clawed otters not said here | stones | with clever paws | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent under stone=Location | |||
| 5 | catch | present · passive | otters for cafés and the pet trade | the wild | illegally, often property | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Theme from wild=Source | |||
| 6 | harm | present | wild otters | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus otter=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:107-the-asian-forest-area-pandas-red-pandas-tapirs-sun-bears.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/107-the-asian-forest-area-pandas-red-pandas-tapirs-sun-bears/13/