Feeding times and the zoo kitchen, sentence 8
Snakes and birds of prey are fed mostly frozen, thawed mice, rats and chicks, which is safer for the snake because a live rat can bite it; keepers often warm the food, because snakes find it by smell and warmth.
Who acts: rats, live rat, keepers, snakes · What happens: feed, freeze, thaw, be, bite, warm · To what, where: Snakes, prey, food
This is a sentence of the lesson «Feeding times and the zoo kitchen» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rats, live rat, keepers, snakes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Snakes | snake | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 fed | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 birds | cc |
| 3 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Snakes | conj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 prey | case |
| 5 | prey | prey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 birds | nmod |
| 6 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 fed | aux:pass |
| 7 | fed | feed | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | mostly | mostly | ADV | _ | 9 frozen | advmod |
| 9 | frozen | freeze | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 mice | amod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 mice | punct |
| 11 | thawed | thaw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 mice | amod |
| 12 | mice | mouse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 fed | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 rats | punct |
| 14 | rats | rat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 mice | conj |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 chicks | cc |
| 16 | chicks | chick | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 rats | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 safer | punct |
| 18 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 safer | nsubj |
| 19 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 safer | cop |
| 20 | safer | safe | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 14 rats | acl |
| 21 | for | for | ADP | _ | 23 snake | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 snake | det |
| 23 | snake | snake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 safer | obl |
| 24 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 29 bite | mark |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 rat | det |
| 26 | live | live | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 rat | amod |
| 27 | rat | rat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 bite | nsubj |
| 28 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 bite | aux |
| 29 | bite | bite | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 safer | advcl |
| 30 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 bite | obj |
| 31 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 32 keepers | punct |
| 32 | keepers | keeper | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 warm | nsubj |
| 33 | often | often | ADV | _ | 34 warm | advmod |
| 34 | warm | warm | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 fed | parataxis |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 food | det |
| 36 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 warm | obj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 find | punct |
| 38 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 40 find | mark |
| 39 | snakes | snake | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 find | nsubj |
| 40 | find | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 warm | advcl |
| 41 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 find | obj |
| 42 | by | by | ADP | _ | 43 smell | case |
| 43 | smell | smell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 find | obl |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 warmth | cc |
| 45 | warmth | warmth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 smell | conj |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 fed | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | feed | present · passive | Snakes and birds of prey | frozen thawed mice and rats and chicks obl | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: subject=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | freeze | participle | mostly property | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 3 | thaw | participle | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 4 | is | present | rats and chicks | for the snake; safe property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | bite | can | a live rat | prey | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient | ||||
| 6 | warm | present | keepers | the food | often property | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent food=Patient | |||
| 7 | find | present | snakes | food | by smell and warmth | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:111-feeding-times-and-the-zoo-kitchen.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/111-feeding-times-and-the-zoo-kitchen/8/