Back to the wild: animals that zoos returned to nature, sentence 3

Releasing is very hard: an animal born in a zoo does not know how to find food or spot a predator, so it first learns in a big pen in the wild, then wears a radio collar so scientists can see if it survives.

Who acts: animal, predator, scientists · What happens: release, be, bear, not know, find, spot · To what, where: animal, zoo, food, predator, big pen, radio collar

This is a sentence of the lesson «Back to the wild: animals that zoos returned to nature» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (animal, predator, scientists), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Releasing	release	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 hard	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 hard	cop
3	very	very	ADV	_	4 hard	advmod
4	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	:	:	PUNCT	_	14 know	punct
6	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 animal	det
7	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 know	nsubj
8	born	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 animal	acl
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 zoo	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 zoo	det
11	zoo	zoo	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 born	obl
12	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 know	aux
13	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	14 know	advmod
14	know	know	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 hard	parataxis
15	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	17 find	advmod
16	to	to	PART	_	17 find	mark
17	find	find	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	14 know	xcomp
18	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 find	obj
19	or	or	CCONJ	_	20 spot	cc
20	spot	spot	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	17 find	conj
21	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 predator	det
22	predator	predator	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 spot	obj
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 learns	punct
24	so	so	ADV	_	27 learns	advmod
25	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 learns	nsubj
26	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	27 learns	advmod
27	learns	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 know	conj
28	in	in	ADP	_	31 pen	case
29	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	31 pen	det
30	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 pen	amod
31	pen	pen	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 learns	obl
32	in	in	ADP	_	34 wild	case
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 wild	det
34	wild	wild	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 pen	nmod
35	,	,	PUNCT	_	37 wears	punct
36	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	37 wears	advmod
37	wears	wear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 learns	conj
38	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	40 collar	det
39	radio	radio	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 collar	compound
40	collar	collar	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 wears	obj
41	so	so	SCONJ	_	44 see	mark
42	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	44 see	nsubj
43	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	44 see	aux
44	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	37 wears	advcl
45	if	if	SCONJ	_	47 survives	mark
46	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	47 survives	nsubj
47	survives	survive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	44 see	ccomp
48	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 hard	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	release	gerund						vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Causer
2	is	present					hard property	tree rules
3	bear	participle		a animal not said here	a zoo			vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer
4	not know	present · do-support	a animal					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
5	find	to-infinitive	a animal not said here	food				vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Topic
6	spot	infinitive	a animal not said here	a predator				vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme predator=Destination
7	learn	present	predator		a big pen in the wild		first property	vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
8	wear	present	predator not said here	a radio collar		then		vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent collar=Theme
9	see	can	scientists					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
10	survive a condition, not said to happen	present	predator					vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:114-back-to-the-wild.lesson:3.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/114-back-to-the-wild/3/