How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting and pouncing, sentence 12

Cats often chatter their teeth at a bird they cannot reach; scientists think it shows excitement or frustration, though no one is sure.

Who acts: Cats, backs, scientists, cat, one · What happens: chatter, not reach, think, show, be · To what, where: teeth, bird, excitement · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting and pouncing» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cats, backs, scientists, cat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 chatter	nsubj
2	often	often	ADV	_	3 chatter	advmod
3	chatter	chatter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 teeth	nmod:poss
5	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 chatter	obj
6	at	at	ADP	_	8 bird	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 bird	det
8	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 chatter	obl
9	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 reach	nsubj
10	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 reach	aux
11	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 reach	advmod
12	reach	reach	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 bird	acl:relcl
13	;	;	PUNCT	_	15 think	punct
14	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 think	nsubj
15	think	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 chatter	parataxis
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 shows	nsubj
17	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 think	ccomp
18	excitement	excitement	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 shows	obj
19	or	or	CCONJ	_	20 frustration	cc
20	frustration	frustration	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 excitement	conj
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 sure	punct
22	though	though	SCONJ	_	26 sure	mark
23	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	24 one	det
24	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 sure	nsubj
25	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 sure	cop
26	sure	sure	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 think	conj
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 chatter	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
hedged: yes
teacher: changed hedge=1

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	chatter	present	Cats	backs's teeth	at a bird; often property	vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme PP.recipient PP.stimulus»: agent=Agent tooth=Theme at bird=Stimulus
2	not reach	can	backs = back	a bird not said here		vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent bird=Theme
3	think speech: other	present	scientists			vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
4	show	present	cat	excitement or frustration		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent excitement=Recipient
5	is	present	no one		sure property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:119-how-real-cats-hunt.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/119-how-real-cats-hunt/12/