Forests: woodland through the year and the great northern forest, sentence 3
Far to the north lies the biggest forest on land, the taiga, a dark green belt of spruce, pine, fir and larch across Canada, Scandinavia and Russia, where snow slides off cone-shaped trees and moose wade in the lakes.
Who acts: biggest forest, snow, moose · What happens: lie, slide off, wade · To what, where: shaped trees, lakes
This is a sentence of the lesson «Forests: woodland through the year and the great northern forest» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (biggest forest, snow, moose), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 5 lies | advmod |
| 2 | to | to | ADP | _ | 4 north | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 north | det |
| 4 | north | north | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Far | obl |
| 5 | lies | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 forest | det |
| 7 | biggest | big | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 8 forest | amod |
| 8 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 lies | nsubj |
| 9 | on | on | ADP | _ | 10 land | case |
| 10 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 forest | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 forest | punct |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 taiga | det |
| 13 | taiga | taiga | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 forest | appos |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 taiga | punct |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 belt | det |
| 16 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 belt | amod |
| 17 | green | green | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 belt | amod |
| 18 | belt | belt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 taiga | appos |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 spruce | case |
| 20 | spruce | spruce | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 belt | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 pine | punct |
| 22 | pine | pine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 spruce | conj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 fir | punct |
| 24 | fir | fir | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 spruce | conj |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 larch | cc |
| 26 | larch | larch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 spruce | conj |
| 27 | across | across | ADP | _ | 28 Canada | case |
| 28 | Canada | Canada | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 belt | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 Scandinavia | punct |
| 30 | Scandinavia | Scandinavia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 Canada | conj |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 Russia | cc |
| 32 | Russia | Russia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 Canada | conj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 Russia | punct |
| 34 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 36 slides | advmod |
| 35 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 slides | nsubj |
| 36 | slides | slide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 Russia | acl:relcl |
| 37 | off | off | ADP | _ | 36 slides | compound:prt |
| 38 | cone | cone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 shaped | compound |
| 39 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 40 shaped | punct |
| 40 | shaped | shaped | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 trees | amod |
| 41 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 slides | obl |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 wade | cc |
| 43 | moose | moose | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 wade | nsubj |
| 44 | wade | wade | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 slides | conj |
| 45 | in | in | ADP | _ | 47 lakes | case |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 lakes | det |
| 47 | lakes | lake | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 wade | obl |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 lies | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lie | present | the biggest forest on land | far property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | slide off | present | snow | shaped trees | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | wade | present | moose | the lakes | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in lake=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:012-forests-woodland-through-the-year.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/12-forests-woodland-through-the-year/3/