Spike and Tom: real dogs and cats, enemies or friends?, sentence 4

A dog chases what runs because it comes from wolves that hunt by chasing, and a cat escapes up a tree because its curved claws hook into bark and a dog's blunt claws cannot.

Who acts: dog, Many, wolves, cat, curved claws · What happens: chase, run, come, hunt, escape up, hook · To what, where: wolves, tree, bark

This is a sentence of the lesson «Spike and Tom: real dogs and cats, enemies or friends?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dog, Many, wolves, cat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 dog	det
2	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 chases	nsubj
3	chases	chase	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	5 runs	nsubj
5	runs	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 chases	ccomp
6	because	because	SCONJ	_	8 comes	mark
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 comes	nsubj
8	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 chases	advcl
9	from	from	ADP	_	10 wolves	case
10	wolves	wolf	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 comes	obl
11	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 hunt	nsubj
12	hunt	hunt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 wolves	acl:relcl
13	by	by	SCONJ	_	14 chasing	mark
14	chasing	chase	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 hunt	advcl
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 escapes	punct
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 escapes	cc
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 cat	det
18	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 escapes	nsubj
19	escapes	escape	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 chases	conj
20	up	up	ADP	_	19 escapes	compound:prt
21	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 tree	det
22	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 escapes	obj
23	because	because	SCONJ	_	27 hook	mark
24	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	26 claws	nmod:poss
25	curved	curve	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 claws	amod
26	claws	claw	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 hook	nsubj
27	hook	hook	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 escapes	advcl
28	into	into	ADP	_	29 bark	case
29	bark	bark	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 hook	obl
30	and	and	CCONJ	_	36 can	cc
31	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	32 dog	det
32	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 claws	nmod:poss
33	's	's	PART	_	32 dog	case
34	blunt	blunt	ADJ	Degree=Pos	35 claws	amod
35	claws	claw	NOUN	Number=Plur	36 can	nsubj
36	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	27 hook	conj
37	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	36 can	advmod
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 chases	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	chase	present	a dog			tree rules
2	run	present				vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	come	present	Many		wolves	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from wolf=Initial_Location
4	hunt	present	wolves			vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	chase	gerund	wolves not said here			vn chase-51.6 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent
6	escape up	present	a cat	a tree		vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme tree=Initial_Location
7	hook	present	Many's curved claws		bark	vn coil-9.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into bark=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:121-spike-and-tom-real-dogs-and-cats.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/121-spike-and-tom-real-dogs-and-cats/4/