Timon and Pumbaa: real meerkats and warthogs, sentence 8
Meerkats eat beetles, grubs, spiders, lizards and scorpions; they bite off or avoid the stinger and can survive a little venom, and adults teach pups with dead scorpions first, then live ones whose sting has been removed.
Who acts: Meerkats, beetles, adults · What happens: eat, bite off, avoid, survive, teach, remove · To what, where: beetles, stinger, little venom, pups, sting
This is a sentence of the lesson «Timon and Pumbaa: real meerkats and warthogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Meerkats, beetles, adults), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Meerkats | meerkat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 eat | nsubj |
| 2 | eat | eat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | beetles | beetle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 eat | obj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 grubs | punct |
| 5 | grubs | grub | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 beetles | conj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 spiders | punct |
| 7 | spiders | spider | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 beetles | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 lizards | punct |
| 9 | lizards | lizard | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 beetles | conj |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 scorpions | cc |
| 11 | scorpions | scorpion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 beetles | conj |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 14 bite | punct |
| 13 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 bite | nsubj |
| 14 | bite | bite | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 eat | parataxis |
| 15 | off | off | ADP | _ | 14 bite | compound:prt |
| 16 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 17 avoid | cc |
| 17 | avoid | avoid | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 bite | conj |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 stinger | det |
| 19 | stinger | stinger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 avoid | obj |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 survive | cc |
| 21 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 survive | aux |
| 22 | survive | survive | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 bite | conj |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 venom | det |
| 24 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 venom | amod |
| 25 | venom | venom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 survive | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 teach | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 teach | cc |
| 28 | adults | adult | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 teach | nsubj |
| 29 | teach | teach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 eat | conj |
| 30 | pups | pup | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 teach | obj |
| 31 | with | with | ADP | _ | 33 scorpions | case |
| 32 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 scorpions | amod |
| 33 | scorpions | scorpion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 pups | nmod |
| 34 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 29 teach | advmod |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 ones | punct |
| 36 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 38 ones | advmod |
| 37 | live | live | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 ones | amod |
| 38 | ones | one | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 teach | obl |
| 39 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 40 sting | nmod:poss |
| 40 | sting | sting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 removed | nsubj:pass |
| 41 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 43 removed | aux |
| 42 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 43 removed | aux:pass |
| 43 | removed | remove | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 38 ones | acl:relcl |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 eat | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | eat | present | Meerkats | beetles and grubs and spiders and lizards and scorpions | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beetle=Patient | ||||
| 2 | bite off | present | beetles = beetle | vn swat-18.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | avoid | present | beetles = beetle not said here | the stinger | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent stinger=Location | ||||
| 4 | survive | can | beetles = beetle not said here | a little venom | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme venom=Circumstance | ||||
| 5 | teach speech: other | present | adults | pups | with dead scorpions; live ones obl; first property | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent pup=Recipient | |||
| 6 | remove | present · perfect · passive | sting | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:125-timon-and-pumbaa-real-meerkats-and-warthogs.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/125-timon-and-pumbaa-real-meerkats-and-warthogs/8/