The Lion King's hyenas, Rafiki and Zazu: real hyenas, mandrills and hornbills, sentence 6
A spotted hyena's giggle usually means it is nervous, excited or frustrated, not happy; its «whoop» can be heard several kilometres away.
Who acts: giggle, spotted hyena · What happens: spot, mean, be, not be, hear, giggle · To what, where: whoop · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Lion King's hyenas, Rafiki and Zazu: real hyenas, mandrills and hornbills» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (giggle, spotted hyena), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 hyena | det |
| 2 | spotted | spot | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 hyena | amod |
| 3 | hyena | hyena | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 giggle | nmod:poss |
| 4 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 3 hyena | case |
| 5 | giggle | giggle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 means | nsubj |
| 6 | usually | usually | ADV | _ | 7 means | advmod |
| 7 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 nervous | nsubj |
| 9 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 nervous | cop |
| 10 | nervous | nervous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 means | ccomp |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 excited | punct |
| 12 | excited | excited | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 nervous | conj |
| 13 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 14 frustrated | cc |
| 14 | frustrated | frustrated | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 nervous | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 happy | punct |
| 16 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 17 happy | advmod |
| 17 | happy | happy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 nervous | conj |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 heard | punct |
| 19 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 whoop | nmod:poss |
| 20 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 21 whoop | punct |
| 21 | whoop | whoop | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 heard | nsubj:pass |
| 22 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 21 whoop | punct |
| 23 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 heard | aux |
| 24 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 25 heard | aux:pass |
| 25 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 means | parataxis |
| 26 | several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 kilometres | amod |
| 27 | kilometres | kilometre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 away | obl:unmarked |
| 28 | away | away | ADV | _ | 25 heard | advmod |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 means | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | spot | participle | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» | ||||||
| 2 | mean | present | a spotted hyena's giggle | usually property | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | is | present | giggle | nervous property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | be | giggle not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 5 | be | giggle not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 6 | not be | giggle not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 7 | hear | can · passive | giggle's whoop | away property | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus | ||||
| 8 | giggle | a spotted hyena | nom giggle «communication intransitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 9 | whoop in a quote | giggle | nom whoop «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:126-the-lion-king-hyenas-rafiki-and-zazu.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/126-the-lion-king-hyenas-rafiki-and-zazu/6/