The Lion King's hyenas, Rafiki and Zazu: real hyenas, mandrills and hornbills, sentence 8

Spotted hyenas have some of the strongest bites of any mammal and can crush and digest bones, so their dry droppings are white with calcium.

Who acts: Spotted hyenas, dry droppings · What happens: spot, have, crush, digest, be, bite · To what, where: some, bones, mammal

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Lion King's hyenas, Rafiki and Zazu: real hyenas, mandrills and hornbills» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Spotted hyenas, dry droppings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Spotted	spot	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 hyenas	amod
2	hyenas	hyena	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	nsubj
3	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	3 have	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	8 bites	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 bites	det
7	strongest	strong	ADJ	Degree=Sup	8 bites	amod
8	bites	bite	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 some	nmod
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 mammal	case
10	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	11 mammal	det
11	mammal	mammal	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 bites	nmod
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 crush	cc
13	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 crush	aux
14	crush	crush	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 have	conj
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 digest	cc
16	digest	digest	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	14 crush	conj
17	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 digest	obj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 white	punct
19	so	so	ADV	_	24 white	advmod
20	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	22 droppings	nmod:poss
21	dry	dry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 droppings	amod
22	droppings	dropping	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 white	nsubj
23	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 white	cop
24	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 have	parataxis
25	with	with	ADP	_	26 calcium	case
26	calcium	calcium	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 white	obl
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 have	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	spot	participle				vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme»
2	have	present	Spotted hyenas	some		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent some=Patient
3	crush	can	Spotted hyenas not said here			vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient
4	digest	infinitive	Spotted hyenas not said here	bones		tree rules
5	is	present	hyenas's dry droppings		with calcium; white property	tree rules
6	bite			any mammal		nom bite «state transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:126-the-lion-king-hyenas-rafiki-and-zazu.lesson:8.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/126-the-lion-king-hyenas-rafiki-and-zazu/8/