Ice Age: real woolly mammoths, sentence 7

Mammoth tusks could be up to about 4 metres long and curved strongly upward and inward; they were used to sweep snow off grass, to fight and maybe to show off.

Who acts: Mammoth tusks · What happens: be, curve, use, sweep, fight, show off · To what, where: 4 metres, tusks, snow, grass

This is a sentence of the lesson «Ice Age: real woolly mammoths» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mammoth tusks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mammoth	mammoth	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 tusks	amod
2	tusks	tusk	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 metres	nsubj
3	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 metres	aux
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 metres	cop
5	up	up	ADP	_	4 be	compound:prt
6	to	to	ADP	_	9 metres	case
7	about	about	ADV	_	8 4	advmod
8	4	4	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	9 metres	nummod
9	metres	metre	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
10	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	12 curved	advmod
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 curved	cc
12	curved	curve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 metres	acl:relcl
13	strongly	strongly	ADV	_	14 upward	advmod
14	upward	upward	ADV	_	12 curved	advmod
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 inward	cc
16	inward	inward	ADV	Degree=Pos	14 upward	conj
17	;	;	PUNCT	_	20 used	punct
18	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 used	nsubj
19	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	20 used	aux:pass
20	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 metres	conj
21	to	to	PART	_	22 sweep	mark
22	sweep	sweep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	20 used	xcomp
23	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 sweep	obj
24	off	off	ADP	_	25 grass	case
25	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 sweep	obl
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 fight	punct
27	to	to	PART	_	28 fight	mark
28	fight	fight	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	22 sweep	conj
29	and	and	CCONJ	_	32 show	cc
30	maybe	maybe	ADV	_	32 show	advmod
31	to	to	PART	_	32 show	mark
32	show	show	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	28 fight	conj
33	off	off	ADP	_	32 show	compound:prt
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 metres	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	could	Mammoth tusks			to 4 metres	tree rules
2	curve	participle		4 metres not said here		long, upward property	vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material
3	use	past · passive		tusks = tusk			vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Theme clause=Eventuality
4	sweep	to-infinitive		snow	grass		vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent snow=Theme off grass=Trajectory
5	fight	to-infinitive					vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	show off	to-infinitive				maybe property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:130-ice-age-real-woolly-mammoths.lesson:7.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/130-ice-age-real-woolly-mammoths/7/