Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground sloths, glyptodonts and dodos, sentence 9
Ground sloths came from South America, spread north when the two Americas joined, and died out over 10,000 years ago, except on a few Caribbean islands where they lasted longer.
Who acts: Ground sloths, two Americas, sloths · What happens: come, spread, join, die out, last · To what, where: South America
This is a sentence of the lesson «Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground sloths, glyptodonts and dodos» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ground sloths, two Americas, sloths), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 sloths | compound |
| 2 | sloths | sloth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 came | nsubj |
| 3 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 America | case |
| 5 | South | South | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 America | compound |
| 6 | America | America | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 came | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 spread | punct |
| 8 | spread | spread | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 came | conj |
| 9 | north | north | ADV | _ | 8 spread | advmod |
| 10 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 14 joined | advmod |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 Americas | det |
| 12 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 13 Americas | nummod |
| 13 | Americas | Americas | PROPN | Number=Plur | 14 joined | nsubj |
| 14 | joined | join | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 spread | advcl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 died | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 died | cc |
| 17 | died | die | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 came | conj |
| 18 | out | out | ADP | _ | 17 died | compound:prt |
| 19 | over | over | ADV | _ | 20 10,000 | advmod |
| 20 | 10,000 | 10000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 21 years | nummod |
| 21 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 ago | obl:unmarked |
| 22 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 17 died | advmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 lasted | punct |
| 24 | except | except | ADP | _ | 29 islands | case |
| 25 | on | on | ADP | _ | 29 islands | case |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 islands | det |
| 27 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 islands | amod |
| 28 | Caribbean | caribbean | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 islands | amod |
| 29 | islands | island | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 died | obl |
| 30 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 32 lasted | advmod |
| 31 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 lasted | nsubj |
| 32 | lasted | last | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 islands | acl:relcl |
| 33 | longer | long | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 32 lasted | advmod |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 came | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | Ground sloths | South America | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from america=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | spread | past | Ground sloths not said here | north property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | join | past | the two Americas | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 4 | die out | past | Ground sloths not said here | except a few Caribbean islands; ago property | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||
| 5 | last | past | sloths = sloth | long property | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat/9/