Peppa's friends as real animals: sheep, ponies, parrots, gazelles, kangaroos, sentence 10

Horses and ponies graze up to about 16 hours a day, a little at a time, because their stomachs are small, and they cannot vomit, so a bad meal can make them very ill.

Who acts: Horses, stomachs, bad meal · What happens: graze up, be, not vomit, make · To what, where: horses

This is a sentence of the lesson «Peppa's friends as real animals: sheep, ponies, parrots, gazelles, kangaroos» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Horses, stomachs, bad meal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 graze	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 ponies	cc
3	ponies	pony	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Horses	conj
4	graze	graze	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	up	up	ADP	_	4 graze	compound:prt
6	to	to	ADP	_	9 hours	case
7	about	about	ADV	_	8 16	advmod
8	16	16	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	9 hours	nummod
9	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 graze	obl
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 day	det
11	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 hours	nmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 little	punct
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 little	det
14	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 graze	conj
15	at	at	ADP	_	17 time	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 time	det
17	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 little	obl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 small	punct
19	because	because	SCONJ	_	23 small	mark
20	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	21 stomachs	nmod:poss
21	stomachs	stomach	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 small	nsubj
22	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 small	cop
23	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 graze	advcl
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 vomit	punct
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 vomit	cc
26	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	29 vomit	nsubj
27	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	29 vomit	aux
28	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	29 vomit	advmod
29	vomit	vomit	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	23 small	conj
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 make	punct
31	so	so	ADV	_	36 make	advmod
32	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	34 meal	det
33	bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	34 meal	amod
34	meal	meal	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 make	nsubj
35	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	36 make	aux
36	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	29 vomit	conj
37	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	36 make	obj
38	very	very	ADV	_	39 ill	advmod
39	ill	ill	ADJ	Degree=Pos	36 make	xcomp
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 graze	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	graze up	present	Horses and ponies		hour		vn dine-39.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is	present	horses's stomachs			small property	tree rules
3	not vomit	can	horses = horse				vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	make	can	a bad meal	horses = horse		ill property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset they=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:139-peppas-friends-as-real-animals.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/139-peppas-friends-as-real-animals/10/