The city as a habitat, sentence 3
City life changes animals too: robins sing under streetlamps at night, and some great tits sing higher to be heard over the traffic.
Who acts: City life, robins, great tits · What happens: change, sing, hear · To what, where: animals, streetlamps, traffic
This is a sentence of the lesson «The city as a habitat» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (City life, robins, great tits), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | City | City | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 life | compound |
| 2 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 changes | nsubj |
| 3 | changes | change | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 changes | obj |
| 5 | too | too | ADV | _ | 3 changes | advmod |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 7 robins | punct |
| 7 | robins | robin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 sing | nsubj |
| 8 | sing | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 changes | parataxis |
| 9 | under | under | ADP | _ | 10 streetlamps | case |
| 10 | streetlamps | streetlamp | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 sing | obl |
| 11 | at | at | ADP | _ | 12 night | case |
| 12 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 sing | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 sing | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 sing | cc |
| 15 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 17 tits | det |
| 16 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 tits | amod |
| 17 | tits | tit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 sing | nsubj |
| 18 | sing | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 sing | conj |
| 19 | higher | high | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 18 sing | advmod |
| 20 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 heard | mark |
| 21 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 22 heard | aux:pass |
| 22 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 sing | advcl |
| 23 | over | over | ADP | _ | 25 traffic | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 traffic | det |
| 25 | traffic | traffic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 heard | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 changes | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | change | present | City life | animals | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Patient | ||||
| 2 | sing speech: express | present | robins | streetlamps | night | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under streetlamp=Location | |||
| 3 | sing speech: express | present | some great tits | high property | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | hear | to-infinitive · passive | some great tits not said here | the traffic | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus» |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:014-the-city-as-a-habitat.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/14-the-city-as-a-habitat/3/