Myth check: do lemmings jump off cliffs?, sentence 10

Snowy owls, Arctic foxes, stoats and skuas depend on lemmings; in good years they raise big families, and in bad years snowy owls may not nest at all.

Who acts: Snowy owls, lemmings · What happens: depend, raise, not nest · To what, where: big families, all

This is a sentence of the lesson «Myth check: do lemmings jump off cliffs?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Snowy owls, lemmings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Snowy	snowy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 owls	amod
2	owls	owl	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 depend	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 foxes	punct
4	Arctic	arctic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 foxes	amod
5	foxes	fox	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 owls	conj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 stoats	punct
7	stoats	stoat	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 owls	conj
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 skuas	cc
9	skuas	skua	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 owls	conj
10	depend	depend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	on	on	ADP	_	12 lemmings	case
12	lemmings	lemming	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 depend	obl
13	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 depend	punct
14	in	in	ADP	_	16 years	case
15	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 years	amod
16	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 raise	obl
17	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 raise	nsubj
18	raise	raise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 depend	parataxis
19	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 families	amod
20	families	family	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 raise	obj
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 nest	punct
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	30 nest	cc
23	in	in	ADP	_	25 years	case
24	bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 years	amod
25	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 nest	obl
26	snowy	snowy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 owls	amod
27	owls	owl	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 nest	nsubj
28	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	30 nest	aux
29	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	30 nest	advmod
30	nest	nest	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	18 raise	conj
31	at	at	ADP	_	32 all	case
32	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	30 nest	obl
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 depend	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	depend	present	Snowy owls and Arctic foxes and stoats and skuas				on lemmings	vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent on lemming=Theme
2	raise	present	lemmings = lemming	big families		year		vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent family=Theme
3	not nest	may	snowy owls		all	year		vn berry-13.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:150-myth-check-do-lemmings-jump-off-cliffs.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/150-myth-check-do-lemmings-jump-off-cliffs/10/