Myth check: do ostriches bury their heads in the sand?, sentence 12

Ostriches swallow pebbles, which collect in the gizzard and grind tough food, because birds have no teeth.

Who acts: Ostriches, pebbles, birds · What happens: swallow, collect, grind, have · To what, where: pebbles, gizzard, tough food, teeth

This is a sentence of the lesson «Myth check: do ostriches bury their heads in the sand?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ostriches, pebbles, birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ostriches	ostrich	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 swallow	nsubj
2	swallow	swallow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	pebbles	pebble	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 swallow	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 collect	punct
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 collect	nsubj
6	collect	collect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 pebbles	acl:relcl
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 gizzard	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 gizzard	det
9	gizzard	gizzard	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 collect	obl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 grind	cc
11	grind	grind	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 collect	conj
12	tough	tough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 food	amod
13	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 grind	obj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 have	punct
15	because	because	SCONJ	_	17 have	mark
16	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 have	nsubj
17	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 swallow	advcl
18	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	19 teeth	det
19	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 have	obj
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 swallow	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	swallow	present	Ostriches	pebbles		vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pebble=Patient
2	collect	present	pebbles		the gizzard	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	grind	present	pebbles not said here	tough food		vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Patient
4	have	present	birds	no teeth		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:151-ostriches-and-heads-in-the-sand.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/151-ostriches-and-heads-in-the-sand/12/