The Amazon forest floor: leafcutters, army ants, tapirs, jaguars and the giant spider, sentence 1

A line of leafcutter ants marches past holding green leaf pieces like little sails, but they do not eat the leaves: they feed them to a fungus garden underground, and the fungus is their food.

Who acts: line, pieces, fungus · What happens: march, hold, not eat, feed, be · To what, where: green leaf pieces, leaves, fungus garden, food

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Amazon forest floor: leafcutters, army ants, tapirs, jaguars and the giant spider» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (line, pieces, fungus), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 line	det
2	line	line	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 marches	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 ants	case
4	leafcutter	leafcutter	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 ants	compound
5	ants	ant	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 line	nmod
6	marches	march	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	past	past	SCONJ	_	8 holding	mark
8	holding	hold	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 marches	advcl
9	green	green	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 pieces	amod
10	leaf	leaf	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 pieces	compound
11	pieces	piece	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 holding	obj
12	like	like	ADP	_	14 sails	case
13	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 sails	amod
14	sails	sail	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 pieces	nmod
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 eat	punct
16	but	but	CCONJ	_	20 eat	cc
17	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 eat	nsubj
18	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 eat	aux
19	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	20 eat	advmod
20	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 marches	conj
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 leaves	det
22	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 eat	obj
23	:	:	PUNCT	_	25 feed	punct
24	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 feed	nsubj
25	feed	feed	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 marches	parataxis
26	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 feed	obj
27	to	to	ADP	_	30 garden	case
28	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	30 garden	det
29	fungus	fungus	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 garden	compound
30	garden	garden	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 feed	obl
31	underground	underground	ADV	_	30 garden	advmod
32	,	,	PUNCT	_	38 food	punct
33	and	and	CCONJ	_	38 food	cc
34	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 fungus	det
35	fungus	fungus	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 food	nsubj
36	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	38 food	cop
37	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	38 food	nmod:poss
38	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 feed	conj
39	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 marches	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	march	present	a line of leafcutter ants				vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	hold	gerund	a line of leafcutter ants not said here	green leaf pieces		like little sails	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent piece=Theme
3	not eat	present · do-support	pieces = piece	the leaves			vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient
4	feed	present	pieces = piece	leaves = leaf	a fungus garden		vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Theme to garden=Recipient
5	is a	present	the fungus	pieces's food			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:157-the-amazon-forest-floor.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/157-the-amazon-forest-floor/1/