Amazon giants and tall tales: anacondas, caimans, electric eels and the candiru, sentence 15
People cut and burn parts of the Amazon for farms and ranches, and because trees help make the Amazon's rain, when trees go, less rain falls, soil washes away and animals lose homes.
Who acts: People, trees, less rain, soil, animals, Amazon · What happens: cut, burn, help, make, go, fall · To what, where: parts, rain, homes
This is a sentence of the lesson «Amazon giants and tall tales: anacondas, caimans, electric eels and the candiru» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (People, trees, less rain, soil), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | People | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 cut | nsubj |
| 2 | cut | cut | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 burn | cc |
| 4 | burn | burn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 cut | conj |
| 5 | parts | part | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 burn | obj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 Amazon | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Amazon | det |
| 8 | Amazon | Amazon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 parts | nmod |
| 9 | for | for | ADP | _ | 10 farms | case |
| 10 | farms | farm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 Amazon | nmod |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 ranches | cc |
| 12 | ranches | ranch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 farms | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 make | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 make | cc |
| 15 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 17 help | mark |
| 16 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 help | nsubj |
| 17 | help | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 make | advcl |
| 18 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 cut | conj |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 Amazon | det |
| 20 | Amazon | Amazon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 rain | nmod:poss |
| 21 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 20 Amazon | case |
| 22 | rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 make | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 go | punct |
| 24 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 26 go | advmod |
| 25 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 go | nsubj |
| 26 | go | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 falls | advcl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 falls | punct |
| 28 | less | less | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 29 rain | amod |
| 29 | rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 falls | nsubj |
| 30 | falls | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 cut | conj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 washes | punct |
| 32 | soil | soil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 washes | nsubj |
| 33 | washes | wash | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 falls | conj |
| 34 | away | away | ADV | _ | 33 washes | advmod |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 lose | cc |
| 36 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 lose | nsubj |
| 37 | lose | lose | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 cut | conj |
| 38 | homes | home | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 lose | obj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 cut | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cut | present | People | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | burn | present | People not said here | parts of the Amazon for farms and ranches | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent part=Theme | ||||
| 3 | help | present | trees | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | make | infinitive | People not said here | the Amazon's rain | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset rain=Product | ||||
| 5 | go | present | trees | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | fall | present | less rain | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | wash away | present | soil | away property | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 8 | lose | present | animals | homes | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent home=Eventuality | ||||
| 9 | rain | the Amazon | nom rain «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales/15/