The Congo rainforest: gorillas, bonobos, okapis and forest elephants, sentence 7

Chimpanzees and bonobos split apart when the Congo River became a barrier they could not swim across, roughly one to two million years ago.

Who acts: Chimpanzees, Congo River · What happens: split, become, not swim · To what, where: barrier

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Congo rainforest: gorillas, bonobos, okapis and forest elephants» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chimpanzees, Congo River), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Chimpanzees	chimpanzee	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 split	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 bonobos	cc
3	bonobos	bonobo	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Chimpanzees	conj
4	split	split	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	apart	apart	ADV	_	4 split	advmod
6	when	when	SCONJ	_	10 became	mark
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 River	det
8	Congo	Congo	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 River	compound
9	River	River	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 became	nsubj
10	became	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 split	advcl
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 barrier	det
12	barrier	barrier	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 became	xcomp
13	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 swim	nsubj
14	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	16 swim	aux
15	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	16 swim	advmod
16	swim	swim	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 barrier	acl:relcl
17	across	across	ADV	_	16 swim	advmod
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 years	punct
19	roughly	roughly	ADV	_	23 million	advmod
20	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	23 million	compound
21	to	to	ADP	_	22 two	case
22	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	20 one	nmod
23	million	million	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	24 years	nummod
24	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 became	obl:unmarked
25	ago	ago	ADV	_	24 years	advmod
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 split	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	split	past	Chimpanzees and bonobos			apart property	vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	become	past	the Congo River	a barrier	year		vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
3	not swim	could	chimpanzees = chimpanzee	a barrier not said here		across property	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme barrier=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:159-the-congo-rainforest.lesson:7.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/159-the-congo-rainforest/7/