Borneo: orangutans, proboscis monkeys, the biggest flower and gliding snakes, sentence 14
Bornean elephants are smaller than other Asian elephants, with bigger ears and long tails; some scientists think people brought them long ago, others think they have lived there for thousands of years.
Who acts: Bornean elephants, scientists, people, others · What happens: be, think, bring, live · To what, where: scientists · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Borneo: orangutans, proboscis monkeys, the biggest flower and gliding snakes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bornean elephants, scientists, people, others), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bornean | bornean | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 elephants | amod |
| 2 | elephants | elephant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 smaller | nsubj |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 smaller | cop |
| 4 | smaller | small | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | root | root |
| 5 | than | than | ADP | _ | 8 elephants | case |
| 6 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 elephants | amod |
| 7 | Asian | Asian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 elephants | amod |
| 8 | elephants | elephant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 smaller | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 ears | punct |
| 10 | with | with | ADP | _ | 12 ears | case |
| 11 | bigger | big | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 12 ears | amod |
| 12 | ears | ear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 smaller | obl |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 tails | cc |
| 14 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 tails | amod |
| 15 | tails | tail | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 ears | conj |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 think | punct |
| 17 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 18 scientists | det |
| 18 | scientists | scientist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 think | nsubj |
| 19 | think | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 smaller | parataxis |
| 20 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 brought | nsubj |
| 21 | brought | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 think | ccomp |
| 22 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 brought | obj |
| 23 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 24 ago | advmod |
| 24 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 21 brought | advmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 think | punct |
| 26 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 think | nsubj |
| 27 | think | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 think | parataxis |
| 28 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 lived | nsubj |
| 29 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 lived | aux |
| 30 | lived | live | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 27 think | ccomp |
| 31 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 30 lived | advmod |
| 32 | for | for | ADP | _ | 33 thousands | case |
| 33 | thousands | thousand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 lived | obl |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 years | case |
| 35 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 thousands | nmod |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 smaller | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Bornean elephants | than other Asian elephants; with bigger ears and long tails; small property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | think speech: other | present | some scientists | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 3 | bring | past | people | scientists = scientist | ago property | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent they=Theme | |||
| 4 | think speech: other | present | others | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 5 | live | present · perfect | others = other | there | for thousands of years | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower/14/