Madagascar: lemurs of every kind and the fossa, sentence 15

Golden bamboo lemurs eat young bamboo that contains cyanide, a poison; their bodies cope with a poison that would harm other animals, and eating a food no one else can eat means less competition.

Who acts: Golden bamboo lemurs, young bamboo, bodies, poison, one, eating · What happens: eat, contain, cope, harm, mean · To what, where: young bamboo, cyanide, other animals, food, less competition · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Madagascar: lemurs of every kind and the fossa» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Golden bamboo lemurs, young bamboo, bodies, poison), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Golden	golden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 lemurs	amod
2	bamboo	bamboo	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lemurs	compound
3	lemurs	lemur	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 eat	nsubj
4	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 bamboo	amod
6	bamboo	bamboo	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 eat	obj
7	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 contains	nsubj
8	contains	contain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 bamboo	acl:relcl
9	cyanide	cyanide	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 contains	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 poison	punct
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 poison	det
12	poison	poison	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 cyanide	appos
13	;	;	PUNCT	_	16 cope	punct
14	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 bodies	nmod:poss
15	bodies	body	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 cope	nsubj
16	cope	cope	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 eat	parataxis
17	with	with	ADP	_	19 poison	case
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 poison	det
19	poison	poison	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 cope	obl
20	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	22 harm	nsubj
21	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	22 harm	aux
22	harm	harm	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 poison	acl:relcl
23	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 animals	amod
24	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 harm	obj
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 means	punct
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 eating	cc
27	eating	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	35 means	csubj
28	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	29 food	det
29	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 eating	obj
30	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	31 one	det
31	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 eat	nsubj
32	else	else	ADV	_	31 one	advmod
33	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	34 eat	aux
34	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	29 food	acl:relcl
35	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 eat	conj
36	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	37 competition	amod
37	competition	competition	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 means	obj
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 eat	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	eat	present	Golden bamboo lemurs	young bamboo		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bamboo=Patient
2	contain	present	young bamboo	cyanide		vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot cyanide=Theme
3	cope	present	Lemurs's bodies		with a poison	vn cope-83-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with poison=Theme
4	harm	would	a poison	other animals		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus animal=Experiencer
5	eat	gerund		a food		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Patient
6	eat	can	no one	a food not said here		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Patient
7	mean	present	eating	less competition		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent competition=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:163-madagascar-lemurs-of-every-kind-and-the-fossa.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/163-madagascar-lemurs-of-every-kind-and-the-fossa/15/