Australia's forests and Tasmania: devils, cassowaries, lyrebirds and cube-shaped droppings, sentence 12
Wombats are the only animals known to make cube-shaped droppings, which do not roll away, and they leave them on rocks and logs to mark their area.
Who acts: shaped droppings, animals · What happens: know, make, shape, not roll away, leave, mark · To what, where: Wombats, shaped droppings, droppings, rocks, area
This is a sentence of the lesson «Australia's forests and Tasmania: devils, cassowaries, lyrebirds and cube-shaped droppings» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shaped droppings, animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wombats | wombat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 known | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 known | aux:pass |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 animals | det |
| 4 | only | only | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 animals | amod |
| 5 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 known | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 make | mark |
| 8 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 known | xcomp |
| 9 | cube | cube | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 make | compound |
| 10 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 shaped | punct |
| 11 | shaped | shape | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 droppings | amod |
| 12 | droppings | dropping | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 make | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 roll | punct |
| 14 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 roll | nsubj |
| 15 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 roll | aux |
| 16 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 17 roll | advmod |
| 17 | roll | roll | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 droppings | acl:relcl |
| 18 | away | away | ADV | _ | 17 roll | advmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 leave | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 leave | cc |
| 21 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 leave | nsubj |
| 22 | leave | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 known | conj |
| 23 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 leave | obj |
| 24 | on | on | ADP | _ | 25 rocks | case |
| 25 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 leave | obl |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 logs | cc |
| 27 | logs | log | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 rocks | conj |
| 28 | to | to | PART | _ | 29 mark | mark |
| 29 | mark | mark | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 leave | advcl |
| 30 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 area | nmod:poss |
| 31 | area | area | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 mark | obj |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 known | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know | present · passive | Wombats | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | make | to-infinitive | shaped droppings | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset dropping=Product | |||||
| 3 | shape | participle | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||||
| 4 | not roll away | present · do-support | shaped droppings | away property | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | leave | present | animals = animal | droppings = dropping | rocks and logs | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent they=Theme on rock=Location | |||
| 6 | mark | to-infinitive | animals = animal not said here | animals's area | vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent area=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:167-australias-forests-and-tasmania-devils-cassowaries-and-lyrebirds.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/167-australias-forests-and-tasmania-devils-cassowaries-and-lyrebirds/12/