Australia's forests and Tasmania: devils, cassowaries, lyrebirds and cube-shaped droppings, sentence 6
The cassowary is a big flightless bird with a helmet on its head and dagger-like claws; it can kick very hard, so people are told to keep away and never feed it.
Who acts: cassowary, people · What happens: be, kick, tell, keep away, not feed · To what, where: big flightless bird, people, cassowary · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Australia's forests and Tasmania: devils, cassowaries, lyrebirds and cube-shaped droppings» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cassowary, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 cassowary | det |
| 2 | cassowary | cassowary | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 bird | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 bird | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 bird | det |
| 5 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 bird | amod |
| 6 | flightless | flightless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 bird | amod |
| 7 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | with | with | ADP | _ | 10 helmet | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 helmet | det |
| 10 | helmet | helmet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 bird | nmod |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 13 head | case |
| 12 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 head | nmod:poss |
| 13 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 helmet | nmod |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 claws | cc |
| 15 | dagger | dagger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 claws | compound |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 15 dagger | punct |
| 17 | like | like | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 claws | amod |
| 18 | claws | claw | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 head | conj |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 kick | punct |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 kick | nsubj |
| 21 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 kick | aux |
| 22 | kick | kick | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 bird | parataxis |
| 23 | very | very | ADV | _ | 24 hard | advmod |
| 24 | hard | hard | ADV | Degree=Pos | 22 kick | advmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 told | punct |
| 26 | so | so | ADV | _ | 29 told | advmod |
| 27 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 told | nsubj |
| 28 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 told | aux:pass |
| 29 | told | tell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 kick | advcl |
| 30 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 keep | mark |
| 31 | keep | keep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 told | xcomp |
| 32 | away | away | ADV | _ | 31 keep | advmod |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 feed | cc |
| 34 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 35 feed | advmod |
| 35 | feed | feed | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 keep | conj |
| 36 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 feed | obj |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 bird | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the cassowary | a big flightless bird | with a helmet on cassowary's head and dagger like claws | tree rules | |||
| 2 | kick | can | cassowary | hard property | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 3 | tell speech: assert | present · passive | people | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | keep away not said to happen | to-infinitive | people not said here | away property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | not feed | infinitive | people not said here | cassowary | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:167-australias-forests-and-tasmania-devils-cassowaries-and-lyrebirds.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/167-australias-forests-and-tasmania-devils-cassowaries-and-lyrebirds/6/