Reef giants and wanderers: whale sharks, mantas, dugongs and sea turtles, sentence 9

Sea turtles sometimes eat plastic bags, mistaking them for jellyfish; leatherback turtles mostly eat jellyfish and have spines in their throats to hold them.

Who acts: Sea turtles, leatherback turtles, spines · What happens: eat, mistake, have, hold · To what, where: plastic bags, turtles, jellyfish, spines, throats

This is a sentence of the lesson «Reef giants and wanderers: whale sharks, mantas, dugongs and sea turtles» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sea turtles, leatherback turtles, spines), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 turtles	compound
2	turtles	turtle	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 eat	nsubj
3	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	_	4 eat	advmod
4	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	plastic	plastic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 bags	amod
6	bags	bag	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 eat	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 mistaking	punct
8	mistaking	mistake	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 eat	advcl
9	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 mistaking	obj
10	for	for	ADP	_	11 jellyfish	case
11	jellyfish	jellyfish	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 mistaking	obl
12	;	;	PUNCT	_	16 eat	punct
13	leatherback	leatherback	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 turtles	compound
14	turtles	turtle	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 eat	nsubj
15	mostly	mostly	ADV	_	16 eat	advmod
16	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 eat	parataxis
17	jellyfish	jellyfish	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 eat	obj
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 have	cc
19	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 eat	conj
20	spines	spine	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 have	obj
21	in	in	ADP	_	23 throats	case
22	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	23 throats	nmod:poss
23	throats	throat	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 have	obl
24	to	to	PART	_	25 hold	mark
25	hold	hold	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 have	xcomp
26	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 hold	obj
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 eat	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	eat	present	Sea turtles	plastic bags		sometimes property	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bag=Patient
2	mistake	gerund	Sea turtles not said here	turtles = turtle		for jellyfish	tree rules
3	eat	present	leatherback turtles	jellyfish		mostly property	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent jellyfish=Patient
4	have	present	leatherback turtles not said here	spines	turtles's throats		tree rules
5	hold	to-infinitive	spines not said here	turtles = turtle			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:174-reef-giants-and-wanderers-whale-sharks-mantas-dugongs-and-sea-turtles.lesson:9.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/174-reef-giants-and-wanderers-whale-sharks-mantas-dugongs-and-sea-turtles/9/