The lion: why people call it «king of the beasts»; prides and roars, sentence 2
But the poster saying king of the jungle is wrong: lions live on savanna, grassland and open woodland in Africa, and one small group in the dry Gir Forest of India, not in jungles.
Who acts: poster, lions · What happens: say, be, live · To what, where: king, one small group, savanna · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The lion: why people call it «king of the beasts»; prides and roars» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (poster, lions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 10 wrong | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 poster | det |
| 3 | poster | poster | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 wrong | nsubj |
| 4 | saying | say | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 poster | acl |
| 5 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 saying | obj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 jungle | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 jungle | det |
| 8 | jungle | jungle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 king | nmod |
| 9 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 wrong | cop |
| 10 | wrong | wrong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 11 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 live | punct |
| 12 | lions | lion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 live | nsubj |
| 13 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 wrong | parataxis |
| 14 | on | on | ADP | _ | 15 savanna | case |
| 15 | savanna | savanna | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 live | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 grassland | punct |
| 17 | grassland | grassland | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 savanna | conj |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 woodland | cc |
| 19 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 woodland | amod |
| 20 | woodland | woodland | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 savanna | conj |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 Africa | case |
| 22 | Africa | Africa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 woodland | nmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 group | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 group | cc |
| 25 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 27 group | nummod |
| 26 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 group | amod |
| 27 | group | group | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 live | obl |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 32 Forest | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 Forest | det |
| 30 | dry | dry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 Forest | amod |
| 31 | Gir | Gir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 Forest | compound |
| 32 | Forest | Forest | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 group | nmod |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 India | case |
| 34 | India | India | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 Forest | nmod |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 jungles | punct |
| 36 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 38 jungles | advmod |
| 37 | in | in | ADP | _ | 38 jungles | case |
| 38 | jungles | jungle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 Forest | nmod |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 wrong | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | gerund | the poster not said here | king of the jungle | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent king=Topic | ||||
| 2 | is | present | the poster | wrong property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | live | present | lions | one small group in the dry Gir Forest of India in jungles | savanna and grassland and open woodland in Africa | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on savanna=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:018-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/18-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts/2/