Strange islands: Komodo dragons, the dodo, red crabs, kakapos, giants and dwarfs, sentence 13
Hawaiian honeycreepers all came from one kind of finch and now have many beak shapes, like curved beaks for sipping nectar; many are endangered because mosquitoes spread bird malaria, and many now survive only high in the cold mountains, where mosquitoes do not live well.
Who acts: Hawaiian honeycreepers, curved beaks, mosquitoes, many · What happens: come, have, curve, sip, be, spread · To what, where: one kind, many beak shapes, nectar, many, bird malaria, cold mountains
This is a sentence of the lesson «Strange islands: Komodo dragons, the dodo, red crabs, kakapos, giants and dwarfs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hawaiian honeycreepers, curved beaks, mosquitoes, many), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hawaiian | hawaiian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 honeycreepers | amod |
| 2 | honeycreepers | honeycreeper | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 came | nsubj |
| 3 | all | all | ADV | _ | 4 came | advmod |
| 4 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | from | from | ADP | _ | 7 kind | case |
| 6 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 kind | nummod |
| 7 | kind | kind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 came | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 finch | case |
| 9 | finch | finch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 kind | nmod |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 have | cc |
| 11 | now | now | ADV | _ | 12 have | advmod |
| 12 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 came | conj |
| 13 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 shapes | amod |
| 14 | beak | beak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 shapes | compound |
| 15 | shapes | shape | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 have | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 beaks | punct |
| 17 | like | like | ADP | _ | 19 beaks | case |
| 18 | curved | curve | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 beaks | amod |
| 19 | beaks | beak | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 shapes | nmod |
| 20 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 21 sipping | mark |
| 21 | sipping | sip | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 19 beaks | acl |
| 22 | nectar | nectar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 sipping | obj |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 26 endangered | punct |
| 24 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 endangered | nsubj:pass |
| 25 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 endangered | cop |
| 26 | endangered | endangered | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 came | parataxis |
| 27 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 29 spread | mark |
| 28 | mosquitoes | mosquito | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 spread | nsubj |
| 29 | spread | spread | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 endangered | advcl |
| 30 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 malaria | compound |
| 31 | malaria | malaria | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 spread | obj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 survive | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 survive | cc |
| 34 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 survive | nsubj |
| 35 | now | now | ADV | _ | 36 survive | advmod |
| 36 | survive | survive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 came | conj |
| 37 | only | only | ADV | _ | 38 high | advmod |
| 38 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 survive | advmod |
| 39 | in | in | ADP | _ | 42 mountains | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 mountains | det |
| 41 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 mountains | amod |
| 42 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 survive | obl |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 live | punct |
| 44 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 48 live | advmod |
| 45 | mosquitoes | mosquito | NOUN | Number=Plur | 48 live | nsubj |
| 46 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 48 live | aux |
| 47 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 48 live | advmod |
| 48 | live | live | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 42 mountains | acl:relcl |
| 49 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 48 live | advmod |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 came | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | Hawaiian honeycreepers | one kind of finch | all property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from kind=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | have | present | Hawaiian honeycreepers not said here | many beak shapes | now | like curved beaks | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shape=Patient | ||
| 3 | curve | participle | vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material | ||||||
| 4 | sip | gerund | curved beaks not said here | nectar | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nectar=Patient | ||||
| 5 | is | present · passive | many | endangered property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | spread | past | mosquitoes | bird malaria | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location malaria=Theme | ||||
| 7 | survive | present | many | the cold mountains | now | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in mountain=Location | |||
| 8 | not live | present · do-support | mosquitoes | well property | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:181-strange-islands-komodo-dragons-the-dodo-red-crabs-kakapos-giants-and-dwarfs.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/181-strange-islands-komodo-dragons-the-dodo-red-crabs-kakapos-giants-and-dwarfs/13/