Deserts of the world: fennec foxes, fog-drinking beetles, camels and silver ants, sentence 10

Welwitschia, a plant of the Namib Desert, has only two leaves its whole life; they keep growing from the base and the wind tears them into strips, and some plants may be over a thousand years old.

Who acts: Welwitschia, leaves, wind, plants · What happens: have, keep, grow, tear, be · To what, where: two leaves, leaves, strips

This is a sentence of the lesson «Deserts of the world: fennec foxes, fog-drinking beetles, camels and silver ants» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Welwitschia, leaves, wind, plants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Welwitschia	welwitschia	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 has	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 plant	punct
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 plant	det
4	plant	plant	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Welwitschia	appos
5	of	of	ADP	_	8 Desert	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Desert	det
7	Namib	Namib	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 Desert	compound
8	Desert	Desert	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 plant	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Welwitschia	punct
10	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	only	only	ADV	_	12 two	advmod
12	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	13 leaves	nummod
13	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 has	obj
14	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 life	nmod:poss
15	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 life	amod
16	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 has	obl:unmarked
17	;	;	PUNCT	_	19 keep	punct
18	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 keep	nsubj
19	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 has	parataxis
20	growing	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	19 keep	xcomp
21	from	from	ADP	_	23 base	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 base	det
23	base	base	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 growing	obl
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 tears	cc
25	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	26 wind	det
26	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 tears	nsubj
27	tears	tear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 keep	conj
28	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 tears	obj
29	into	into	ADP	_	30 strips	case
30	strips	strip	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 tears	obl
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	41 old	punct
32	and	and	CCONJ	_	41 old	cc
33	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	34 plants	det
34	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	41 old	nsubj
35	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	41 old	aux
36	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	41 old	cop
37	over	over	ADV	_	39 thousand	advmod
38	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	39 thousand	det
39	thousand	thousand	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	40 years	nummod
40	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	41 old	obl
41	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 keep	conj
42	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 has	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Welwitschia	two leaves		desert's whole life obl:unmarked	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient
2	keep	present	leaves = leaf				tree rules
3	grow	gerund	leaves = leaf not said here			from the base	vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.product V PP.patient»: agent=Product from base=Patient
4	tear	present	the wind	leaves = leaf		into strips result	vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent they=Patient into strip=Result
5	is	may	some plants		year	old property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:182-deserts-of-the-world-fennec-foxes-fog-drinking-beetles-camels-and-silver-ants.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/182-deserts-of-the-world-fennec-foxes-fog-drinking-beetles-camels-and-silver-ants/10/