Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocodiles, hippos, giant catfish and the Pantanal, sentence 12
Salmon swim upstream from the sea to the river where they hatched, finding it by smell, and leftovers from bears catching salmon help feed forest trees.
Who acts: Salmon, bears, leftovers · What happens: swim, hatch, find, catch, help, feed · To what, where: river, shoebill, salmon, forest trees
This is a sentence of the lesson «Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocodiles, hippos, giant catfish and the Pantanal» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Salmon, bears, leftovers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Salmon | salmon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 swim | nsubj |
| 2 | swim | swim | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | upstream | upstream | ADV | _ | 2 swim | advmod |
| 4 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 sea | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 sea | det |
| 6 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 upstream | obl |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 river | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 river | det |
| 9 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 swim | obl |
| 10 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 12 hatched | advmod |
| 11 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 hatched | nsubj |
| 12 | hatched | hatch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 river | acl:relcl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 finding | punct |
| 14 | finding | find | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 hatched | advcl |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 finding | obj |
| 16 | by | by | ADP | _ | 17 smell | case |
| 17 | smell | smell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 finding | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 help | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 help | cc |
| 20 | leftovers | leftover | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 help | nsubj |
| 21 | from | from | ADP | _ | 22 bears | case |
| 22 | bears | bear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 leftovers | nmod |
| 23 | catching | catch | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 22 bears | acl |
| 24 | salmon | salmon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 catching | obj |
| 25 | help | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 swim | conj |
| 26 | feed | feed | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 help | xcomp |
| 27 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 trees | compound |
| 28 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 feed | obj |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 swim | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | swim | present | Salmon | the river | upstream property | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to river=Destination | |||
| 2 | hatch | past | Salmon | vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.patient V PP.product»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 3 | find | gerund | Salmon not said here | shoebill | by smell | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic | |||
| 4 | catch | gerund | bears not said here | salmon | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent salmon=Theme | ||||
| 5 | help | present | leftovers from bears | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 6 | feed | infinitive | leftovers from bears not said here | forest trees | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal/12/