Record-breakers: the fastest and the slowest, sentence 1

A falcon falling through the sky, a cheetah sprinting, a pronghorn running for many minutes and an ant snapping its jaws are all record-breakers, but each in a different race.

Who acts: falcon, pronghorn, ant · What happens: fall, run, snap, be · To what, where: sky, jaws, record breakers

This is a sentence of the lesson «Record-breakers: the fastest and the slowest» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (falcon, pronghorn, ant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 falcon	det
2	falcon	falcon	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 breakers	nsubj
3	falling	fall	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 falcon	acl
4	through	through	ADP	_	6 sky	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 sky	det
6	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 falling	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 sprinting	punct
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 sprinting	det
9	cheetah	cheetah	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 sprinting	compound
10	sprinting	sprinting	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 falcon	conj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 pronghorn	punct
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 pronghorn	det
13	pronghorn	pronghorn	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 falcon	conj
14	running	run	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	13 pronghorn	acl
15	for	for	ADP	_	17 minutes	case
16	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 minutes	amod
17	minutes	minute	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 running	obl
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 ant	cc
19	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 ant	det
20	ant	ant	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 falcon	conj
21	snapping	snap	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	20 ant	acl
22	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	23 jaws	nmod:poss
23	jaws	jaw	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 snapping	obj
24	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	28 breakers	cop
25	all	all	ADV	_	28 breakers	advmod
26	record	record	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 breakers	compound
27	-	-	PUNCT	_	26 record	punct
28	breakers	breaker	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 race	punct
30	but	but	CCONJ	_	28 breakers	cc
31	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	28 breakers	conj
32	in	in	ADP	_	35 race	case
33	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	35 race	det
34	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	35 race	amod
35	race	race	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 each	nmod
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	28 breakers	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	gerund	a falcon and a cheetah sprinting and a pronghorn and a ant not said here		the sky			vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through sky=Location
2	run	gerund	a pronghorn not said here			minute		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	snap	gerund	a ant not said here	ant's jaws				vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location jaw=Theme
4	is a	present	a falcon and a cheetah sprinting and a pronghorn and a ant	record breakers			all property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:185-record-breakers-the-fastest-and-the-slowest.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/185-record-breakers-the-fastest-and-the-slowest/1/