Record-breakers: the fastest and the slowest, sentence 7

The pronghorn, a deer-like animal of North American grasslands, can run fast for a long time, with big lungs and heart and light bones, and some scientists think extinct American cheetahs once made it so fast.

Who acts: pronghorn, scientists, extinct American cheetahs · What happens: run, think, make · To what, where: animal · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Record-breakers: the fastest and the slowest» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pronghorn, scientists, extinct American cheetahs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 pronghorn	det
2	pronghorn	pronghorn	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 run	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 animal	punct
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 animal	det
5	deer	deer	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 like	compound
6	-	-	PUNCT	_	5 deer	punct
7	like	like	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 animal	amod
8	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 pronghorn	appos
9	of	of	ADP	_	12 grasslands	case
10	North	North	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 grasslands	compound
11	American	American	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 grasslands	amod
12	grasslands	grassland	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 animal	nmod
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 pronghorn	punct
14	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 run	aux
15	run	run	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
16	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	15 run	advmod
17	for	for	ADP	_	20 time	case
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 time	det
19	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 time	amod
20	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 run	obl
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 lungs	punct
22	with	with	ADP	_	24 lungs	case
23	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 lungs	amod
24	lungs	lung	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 run	obl
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 heart	cc
26	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 lungs	conj
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 bones	cc
28	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 bones	compound
29	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 lungs	conj
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 think	punct
31	and	and	CCONJ	_	34 think	cc
32	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	33 scientists	det
33	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 think	nsubj
34	think	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 run	conj
35	extinct	extinct	ADJ	Degree=Pos	37 cheetahs	amod
36	American	American	ADJ	Degree=Pos	37 cheetahs	amod
37	cheetahs	cheetah	NOUN	Number=Plur	39 made	nsubj
38	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	39 made	advmod
39	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	34 think	ccomp
40	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	39 made	obj
41	so	so	ADV	_	42 fast	advmod
42	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	39 made	advmod
43	.	.	PUNCT	_	15 run	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	run	can	the pronghorn		time	with big lungs and heart and light bones; fast property	vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent with lung=Material
2	think speech: other	present	some scientists				vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
3	make	past	extinct American cheetahs	animal		fast, once property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:185-record-breakers-the-fastest-and-the-slowest.lesson:7.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/185-record-breakers-the-fastest-and-the-slowest/7/