Myths and cartoons put right: Tom and Jerry, elephants and mice, ostriches and more, sentence 14
Most birds have a poor sense of smell and will not abandon a chick because a person touched it; a fledgling (a young bird just learning to fly) on the ground usually has its parents nearby and is best left alone.
Who acts: Most birds, person, young bird, fledgling · What happens: have, not abandon, touch, learn, fly, leave · To what, where: poor sense, chick, parents, ground, smell
This is a sentence of the lesson «Myths and cartoons put right: Tom and Jerry, elephants and mice, ostriches and more» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Most birds, person, young bird, fledgling), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 2 birds | amod |
| 2 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 have | nsubj |
| 3 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 sense | det |
| 5 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 sense | amod |
| 6 | sense | sense | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 have | obj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 smell | case |
| 8 | smell | smell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 sense | nmod |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 abandon | cc |
| 10 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 12 abandon | aux |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 abandon | advmod |
| 12 | abandon | abandon | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 have | conj |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 chick | det |
| 14 | chick | chick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 abandon | obj |
| 15 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 18 touched | mark |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 person | det |
| 17 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 touched | nsubj |
| 18 | touched | touch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 abandon | advcl |
| 19 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 touched | obj |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 fledgling | punct |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 fledgling | det |
| 22 | fledgling | fledgling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 has | nsubj |
| 23 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 26 bird | punct |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 bird | det |
| 25 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 bird | amod |
| 26 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 fledgling | appos |
| 27 | just | just | ADV | _ | 28 learning | advmod |
| 28 | learning | learn | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 26 bird | acl |
| 29 | to | to | PART | _ | 30 fly | mark |
| 30 | fly | fly | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 learning | xcomp |
| 31 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 30 fly | punct |
| 32 | on | on | ADP | _ | 34 ground | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 ground | det |
| 34 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 has | obl |
| 35 | usually | usually | ADV | _ | 36 has | advmod |
| 36 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 have | parataxis |
| 37 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 38 parents | nmod:poss |
| 38 | parents | parent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 has | obj |
| 39 | nearby | nearby | ADV | _ | 36 has | advmod |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 left | cc |
| 41 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 43 left | aux:pass |
| 42 | best | well | ADV | Degree=Sup | 43 left | advmod |
| 43 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 36 has | conj |
| 44 | alone | alone | ADV | _ | 43 left | xcomp |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 have | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | Most birds | a poor sense of smell | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sense=Patient | ||||
| 2 | not abandon | future | Most birds not said here | a chick | vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial_location»: agent=Theme chick=Source | ||||
| 3 | touch | past | a person | chick | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme | ||||
| 4 | learn | gerund | a young bird not said here | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | fly | to-infinitive | a young bird not said here | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | have | present | a fledgling | fledgling's parents | the ground | nearby, usually property | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent parent=Patient | ||
| 7 | leave | present · passive | a fledgling not said here | well property | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V» | ||||
| 8 | sense | smell | nom sense «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:191-myths-and-cartoons-put-right.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/191-myths-and-cartoons-put-right/14/