How a dog thinks: a world of smells, sounds and faces, sentence 9

Dogs sniff in short bursts that carry smells to a special part of the nose, and they can tell which nostril a smell entered, which helps them find where it comes from.

Who acts: Dogs, short bursts, smells, smell, nose · What happens: sniff, carry, tell, enter, help, find · To what, where: smells, special part, nostril · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «How a dog thinks: a world of smells, sounds and faces» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dogs, short bursts, smells, smell), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 sniff	nsubj
2	sniff	sniff	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 bursts	case
4	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 bursts	amod
5	bursts	burst	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 sniff	obl
6	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 carry	nsubj
7	carry	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 bursts	acl:relcl
8	smells	smell	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 carry	obj
9	to	to	ADP	_	12 part	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 part	det
11	special	special	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 part	amod
12	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 carry	obl
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 nose	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 nose	det
15	nose	nose	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 part	nmod
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 tell	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 tell	cc
18	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 tell	nsubj
19	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	20 tell	aux
20	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 sniff	conj
21	which	which	DET	PronType=Int	22 nostril	det
22	nostril	nostril	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 entered	obj
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 smell	det
24	smell	smell	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 entered	nsubj
25	entered	enter	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	20 tell	ccomp
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 helps	punct
27	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	28 helps	nsubj
28	helps	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 smell	acl:relcl
29	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 helps	obj
30	find	find	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	28 helps	xcomp
31	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	33 comes	advmod
32	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	33 comes	nsubj
33	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	30 find	ccomp
34	from	from	ADP	_	33 comes	obl
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 sniff	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	sniff	present	Dogs			in short bursts	vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in burst=Theme
2	carry	present	short bursts	smells	a special part of the nose		vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent smell=Theme to part=Destination
3	tell speech: assert	can	smells = smell				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4	enter	past	a smell	which nostril			vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme nostril=Destination
5	help	present	a smell	smells = smell			vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary clause=Theme
6	find	infinitive	smells = smell not said here				vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
7	come	present	nose				vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:193-how-a-dog-thinks-smells-sounds-and-faces.lesson:9.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/193-how-a-dog-thinks-smells-sounds-and-faces/9/