Reading a dog: tails, play bows, growls and staying safe, sentence 12
If a strange dog runs at you, the safest thing is to stand still like a tree, arms in, looking away, and not run or scream, because running can make it chase.
Who acts: strange dog, tree, thing · What happens: run, stand, look away, not run, scream, make · To what, where: thing
This is a sentence of the lesson «Reading a dog: tails, play bows, growls and staying safe» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (strange dog, tree, thing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 5 runs | mark |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 dog | det |
| 3 | strange | strange | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 dog | amod |
| 4 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 runs | nsubj |
| 5 | runs | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 is | advcl |
| 6 | at | at | ADP | _ | 7 you | case |
| 7 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 5 runs | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 is | punct |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 thing | det |
| 10 | safest | safe | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 11 thing | amod |
| 11 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 is | nsubj |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 stand | mark |
| 14 | stand | stand | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 is | xcomp |
| 15 | still | still | ADV | _ | 14 stand | advmod |
| 16 | like | like | ADP | _ | 18 tree | case |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 tree | det |
| 18 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 stand | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 arms | punct |
| 20 | arms | arm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 tree | conj |
| 21 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 23 looking | mark |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 looking | punct |
| 23 | looking | look | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 18 tree | acl |
| 24 | away | away | ADV | _ | 23 looking | advmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 run | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 run | cc |
| 27 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 28 run | advmod |
| 28 | run | run | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 stand | conj |
| 29 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 30 scream | cc |
| 30 | scream | scream | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 run | conj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 make | punct |
| 32 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 35 make | mark |
| 33 | running | run | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 35 make | nsubj |
| 34 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 35 make | aux |
| 35 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 run | advcl |
| 36 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 make | obj |
| 37 | chase | chase | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 make | xcomp |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 runs | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | run | present | a strange dog | at you | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at you=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | stand | to-infinitive | still | like a tree and arms | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | look away | gerund | a tree and arms not said here | away property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | not run | infinitive | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 5 | scream speech: express | infinitive | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 6 | run | gerund | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 7 | make | can | thing | tree rules | |||||
| 8 | chase | infinitive | thing not said here | vn chase-51.6 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:194-reading-a-dog-tails-play-bows-growls-and-staying-safe.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/194-reading-a-dog-tails-play-bows-growls-and-staying-safe/12/