Cats: purring, whiskers, night eyes and grooming, sentence 5

A cat purrs by making the muscles of its voice box twitch very fast as it breathes in and out, which makes a rumbling vibration.

Who acts: cat, muscles · What happens: purr, make, twitch, breathe, rumble · To what, where: muscles, rumbling vibration

This is a sentence of the lesson «Cats: purring, whiskers, night eyes and grooming» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cat, muscles), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 cat	det
2	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 purrs	nsubj
3	purrs	purr	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	by	by	SCONJ	_	5 making	mark
5	making	make	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 purrs	advcl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 muscles	det
7	muscles	muscle	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 making	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	11 box	case
9	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 box	nmod:poss
10	voice	voice	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 box	compound
11	box	box	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 muscles	nmod
12	twitch	twitch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 making	xcomp
13	very	very	ADV	_	14 fast	advmod
14	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	12 twitch	advmod
15	as	as	SCONJ	_	17 breathes	mark
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 breathes	nsubj
17	breathes	breathe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 twitch	advcl
18	in	in	ADV	_	17 breathes	advmod
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 out	cc
20	out	out	ADV	_	18 in	conj
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 makes	punct
22	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	23 makes	nsubj
23	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 breathes	conj
24	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	26 vibration	det
25	rumbling	rumble	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	26 vibration	amod
26	vibration	vibration	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 makes	obj
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 purrs	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	purr	present	a cat			vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	make	gerund	a cat not said here	the muscles of cat's voice box		tree rules
3	twitch	infinitive	the muscles of cat's voice box not said here		fast property	vn body_internal_motion-49.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	breathe	present	cat			vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	make	present		a rumbling vibration		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset vibration=Product
6	rumble	gerund				vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:197-cats-purring-whiskers-night-eyes-and-grooming.lesson:5.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/197-cats-purring-whiskers-night-eyes-and-grooming/5/