Cats: purring, whiskers, night eyes and grooming, sentence 9
A cat's eyes shine green or yellow in headlights because a mirror layer at the back of the eye bounces light through again, so cats see in about one sixth of the light we need, but not in total darkness.
Who acts: eyes, mirror layer, cats, we · What happens: shine, bounce, see, need · To what, where: headlights, light, one sixth
This is a sentence of the lesson «Cats: purring, whiskers, night eyes and grooming» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (eyes, mirror layer, cats, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 cat | det |
| 2 | cat | cat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 3 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 2 cat | case |
| 4 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 shine | nsubj |
| 5 | shine | shine | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | green | green | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 shine | xcomp |
| 7 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 8 yellow | cc |
| 8 | yellow | yellow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 green | conj |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 headlights | case |
| 10 | headlights | headlight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 shine | obl |
| 11 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 21 bounces | mark |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 layer | det |
| 13 | mirror | mirror | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 layer | compound |
| 14 | layer | layer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 bounces | nsubj |
| 15 | at | at | ADP | _ | 17 back | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 back | det |
| 17 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 layer | nmod |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 eye | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 eye | det |
| 20 | eye | eye | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 back | nmod |
| 21 | bounces | bounce | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 shine | advcl |
| 22 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 bounces | obj |
| 23 | through | through | ADV | _ | 21 bounces | advmod |
| 24 | again | again | ADV | _ | 21 bounces | advmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 see | punct |
| 26 | so | so | ADV | _ | 28 see | advmod |
| 27 | cats | cat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 see | nsubj |
| 28 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 shine | conj |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 32 sixth | case |
| 30 | about | about | ADV | _ | 31 one | advmod |
| 31 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 32 sixth | nummod |
| 32 | sixth | sixth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 see | obl |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 light | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 light | det |
| 35 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 sixth | nmod |
| 36 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 37 need | nsubj |
| 37 | need | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 light | acl:relcl |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 darkness | punct |
| 39 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 43 darkness | cc |
| 40 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 43 darkness | advmod |
| 41 | in | in | ADP | _ | 43 darkness | case |
| 42 | total | total | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 darkness | amod |
| 43 | darkness | darkness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 sixth | conj |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 shine | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shine | present | a cat's eyes | headlights | green property | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in headlight=Location | |||
| 2 | bounce | present | a mirror layer at the back of the eye | light | again | through property | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Agent | ||
| 3 | see | present | cats | one sixth of the light but total darkness | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 4 | need | present | we | the light not said here | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot light=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:197-cats-purring-whiskers-night-eyes-and-grooming.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/197-cats-purring-whiskers-night-eyes-and-grooming/9/