The rainforest from the top: emergent layer and canopy, sentence 8

Three-toed sloths hang by long curved claws, eat leaves that give little energy, move only a few metres a minute, which saves energy and helps them hide from eagles, and climb down about once a week to go to the toilet.

Who acts: Three toed sloths, leaves, minute, metres · What happens: hang, curve, eat, give, move, save · To what, where: leaves, little energy, few metres, energy, metres, toilet

This is a sentence of the lesson «The rainforest from the top: emergent layer and canopy» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Three toed sloths, leaves, minute, metres), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 sloths	nummod
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	3 toed	punct
3	toed	toed	ADJ	_	4 sloths	amod
4	sloths	sloth	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 hang	nsubj
5	hang	hang	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	by	by	ADP	_	9 claws	case
7	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	8 curved	advmod
8	curved	curve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 claws	amod
9	claws	claw	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 hang	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 eat	punct
11	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 hang	conj
12	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 eat	obj
13	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 give	nsubj
14	give	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 leaves	acl:relcl
15	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 energy	amod
16	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 give	obj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 move	punct
18	move	move	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 hang	conj
19	only	only	ADV	_	22 metres	advmod
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 metres	det
21	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 metres	amod
22	metres	metre	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 move	obj
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 minute	det
24	minute	minute	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 move	obl:unmarked
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 saves	punct
26	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	27 saves	nsubj
27	saves	save	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 minute	acl:relcl
28	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 saves	obj
29	and	and	CCONJ	_	30 helps	cc
30	helps	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 saves	conj
31	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	30 helps	obj
32	hide	hide	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	30 helps	xcomp
33	from	from	ADP	_	34 eagles	case
34	eagles	eagle	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 hide	obl
35	,	,	PUNCT	_	37 climb	punct
36	and	and	CCONJ	_	37 climb	cc
37	climb	climb	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 move	conj
38	down	down	ADV	_	37 climb	advmod
39	about	about	ADV	_	40 once	advmod
40	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	37 climb	advmod
41	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	42 week	det
42	week	week	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 once	obl:unmarked
43	to	to	PART	_	44 go	mark
44	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	37 climb	advcl
45	to	to	ADP	_	47 toilet	case
46	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	47 toilet	det
47	toilet	toilet	NOUN	Number=Sing	44 go	obl
48	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 hang	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hang	present	Three toed sloths				by curved claws	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by claw=Location
2	curve	participle					long property	vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material
3	eat	present	Three toed sloths not said here	leaves				vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient
4	give	present	leaves	little energy				vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme
5	move	present	Three toed sloths not said here	a few metres		minute		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent metre=Theme
6	save	present	a minute	energy				vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme
7	help	present	a minute not said here	metres = metre				vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary clause=Theme
8	hide	infinitive	metres = metre not said here				from eagles	vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent from eagle=Beneficiary
9	climb down	present	Three toed sloths not said here				down, once property	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
10	go	to-infinitive	Three toed sloths not said here		the toilet			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to toilet=Initial_Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:002-the-rainforest-from-the-top.lesson:8.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/2-the-rainforest-from-the-top/8/