Hamsters, gerbils and pet rats and mice, sentence 2
Gerbils come from deserts, so they dig tunnels, drink very little and thump their back feet to warn each other, while pet rats are clever enough to learn their names and even laugh when tickled.
Who acts: Gerbils, pet rats · What happens: come, dig, drink, thump, warn, be · To what, where: deserts, tunnels, little, back feet, each, names
This is a sentence of the lesson «Hamsters, gerbils and pet rats and mice» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gerbils, pet rats), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gerbils | gerbil | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 come | nsubj |
| 2 | come | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | from | from | ADP | _ | 4 deserts | case |
| 4 | deserts | desert | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 come | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 dig | punct |
| 6 | so | so | ADV | _ | 8 dig | advmod |
| 7 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 dig | nsubj |
| 8 | dig | dig | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 come | parataxis |
| 9 | tunnels | tunnel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 dig | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 drink | punct |
| 11 | drink | drink | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 dig | conj |
| 12 | very | very | ADV | _ | 13 little | advmod |
| 13 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 drink | obj |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 thump | cc |
| 15 | thump | thump | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 dig | conj |
| 16 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 feet | nmod:poss |
| 17 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 feet | compound |
| 18 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 thump | obj |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 warn | mark |
| 20 | warn | warn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 thump | advcl |
| 21 | each | each | DET | ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp | 20 warn | obj |
| 22 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 each | fixed |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 clever | punct |
| 24 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 28 clever | mark |
| 25 | pet | pet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 rats | compound |
| 26 | rats | rat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 clever | nsubj |
| 27 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 clever | cop |
| 28 | clever | clever | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 dig | advcl |
| 29 | enough | enough | ADV | _ | 28 clever | advmod |
| 30 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 learn | mark |
| 31 | learn | learn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 clever | advcl |
| 32 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 names | nmod:poss |
| 33 | names | name | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 learn | obj |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 laugh | cc |
| 35 | even | even | ADV | _ | 36 laugh | advmod |
| 36 | laugh | laugh | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 learn | conj |
| 37 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 38 tickled | advmod |
| 38 | tickled | tickle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 36 laugh | advcl |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 come | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | present | Gerbils | deserts | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from desert=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | dig | present | Gerbils = gerbil | tunnels | vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent tunnel=Theme | ||||
| 3 | drink | present | Gerbils = gerbil not said here | little | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent little=Patient | ||||
| 4 | thump | present | Gerbils = gerbil not said here | Gerbils's back feet | vn hit-18.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foot=Patient | ||||
| 5 | warn speech: warn | to-infinitive | Gerbils = gerbil not said here | each | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent each=Recipient | ||||
| 6 | is | present | pet rats | clever, enough property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | learn | to-infinitive | pet rats not said here | Gerbils's names | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Topic | ||||
| 8 | laugh | infinitive | pet rats not said here | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 9 | tickle | participle | pet rats not said here | vn tingle-40.8.2 «NP V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 10 | name | Gerbils = gerbil | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:202-hamsters-gerbils-and-pet-rats-and-mice.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/202-hamsters-gerbils-and-pet-rats-and-mice/2/