Budgies and canaries, sentence 11

Birds' lungs are very sensitive, so cooking fumes and smoke can harm them, and fumes from overheated non-stick pans can kill small birds; cages should not be kept in the kitchen.

Who acts: lungs, fumes · What happens: be, cook, harm, overheat, kill, not keep · To what, where: lungs, small birds, cages, kitchen

This is a sentence of the lesson «Budgies and canaries» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lungs, fumes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 lungs	nmod:poss
2	'	's	PART	_	1 Birds	case
3	lungs	lung	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 sensitive	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 sensitive	cop
5	very	very	ADV	_	6 sensitive	advmod
6	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 cooking	punct
8	so	so	ADV	_	9 cooking	advmod
9	cooking	cook	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 sensitive	advcl
10	fumes	fume	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 harm	nsubj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 smoke	cc
12	smoke	smoke	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 fumes	conj
13	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 harm	aux
14	harm	harm	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 cooking	ccomp
15	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 harm	obj
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 kill	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 kill	cc
18	fumes	fume	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 kill	nsubj
19	from	from	ADP	_	22 pans	case
20	overheated	overheat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	22 pans	amod
21	non-stick	non-stick	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 pans	compound
22	pans	pan	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 fumes	nmod
23	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	24 kill	aux
24	kill	kill	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 sensitive	conj
25	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 birds	amod
26	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 kill	obj
27	;	;	PUNCT	_	32 kept	punct
28	cages	cage	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 kept	nsubj:pass
29	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	32 kept	aux
30	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	32 kept	advmod
31	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	32 kept	aux:pass
32	kept	keep	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 sensitive	parataxis
33	in	in	ADP	_	35 kitchen	case
34	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 kitchen	det
35	kitchen	kitchen	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 kept	obl
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 sensitive	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	present	Birds's lungs			sensitive property	tree rules
2	cook	gerund	Birds's lungs not said here				tree rules
3	harm	can	fumes and smoke	lungs = lung			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus they=Experiencer
4	overheat	participle					vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
5	kill	can	fumes from overheated non-stick pans	small birds			vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bird=Theme
6	not keep	should · passive		cages	the kitchen		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in kitchen=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:205-budgies-and-canaries.lesson:11.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/205-budgies-and-canaries/11/