Hooves, riding and caring for a horse, plus donkeys and mules, sentence 2
Underneath the hoof is a soft V-shaped part called the frog, which soaks up the bumps and helps pump blood back up the leg, so riders pick out stones from around it before and after every ride.
Who acts: soft shaped part, riders · What happens: shape, be, call, soak up, help back, pump · To what, where: V, soft shaped part, frog, bumps, blood, stones · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Hooves, riding and caring for a horse, plus donkeys and mules» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (soft shaped part, riders), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Underneath | underneath | ADP | _ | 3 hoof | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 hoof | det |
| 3 | hoof | hoof | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 part | obl |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 part | cop |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 part | det |
| 6 | soft | soft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 part | amod |
| 7 | V | v | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 shaped | obl:unmarked |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 V | punct |
| 9 | shaped | shape | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 part | amod |
| 10 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 11 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 part | acl |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 frog | det |
| 13 | frog | frog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 called | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 soaks | punct |
| 15 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 soaks | nsubj |
| 16 | soaks | soak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 part | acl:relcl |
| 17 | up | up | ADP | _ | 16 soaks | compound:prt |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 bumps | det |
| 19 | bumps | bump | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 soaks | obj |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 helps | cc |
| 21 | helps | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 soaks | conj |
| 22 | pump | pump | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 helps | xcomp |
| 23 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 pump | obj |
| 24 | back | back | ADV | _ | 21 helps | advmod |
| 25 | up | up | ADP | _ | 27 leg | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 leg | det |
| 27 | leg | leg | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 pump | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 pick | punct |
| 29 | so | so | ADV | _ | 31 pick | advmod |
| 30 | riders | rider | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 pick | nsubj |
| 31 | pick | pick | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 called | conj |
| 32 | out | out | ADP | _ | 31 pick | compound:prt |
| 33 | stones | stone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 pick | obj |
| 34 | from | from | ADP | _ | 35 around | case |
| 35 | around | around | ADV | _ | 31 pick | advmod |
| 36 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 around | nsubj |
| 37 | before | before | ADV | _ | 35 around | advmod |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 around | cc |
| 39 | after | after | ADP | _ | 37 before | conj |
| 40 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 41 ride | det |
| 41 | ride | ride | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 around | conj |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 part | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shape | participle | V | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | |||||
| 2 | is a | present | a soft shaped part | underneath the hoof | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | call | participle | a soft shaped part not said here | the frog | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent frog=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | soak up | present | a soft shaped part | the bumps | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent bump=Source | ||||
| 5 | help back | present | a soft shaped part not said here | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 6 | pump | infinitive | a soft shaped part not said here | blood | up the leg | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent blood=Theme | |||
| 7 | pick out | present | riders | stones | around property | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:208-hooves-riding-and-caring-for-a-horse-plus-donkeys-and-mules.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×6, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/208-hooves-riding-and-caring-for-a-horse-plus-donkeys-and-mules/2/