Cows: cud, milk, burps and the red cape myth, sentence 8
The microbes in a cow's stomach make methane, a gas that warms the climate, and cows burp most of it out; scientists are testing seaweed in cow feed to cut it.
Who acts: microbes, gas, cows, scientists · What happens: make, warm, burp out, test, cut · To what, where: methane, climate, most, seaweed, cow feed
This is a sentence of the lesson «Cows: cud, milk, burps and the red cape myth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (microbes, gas, cows, scientists), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 microbes | det |
| 2 | microbes | microbe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 make | nsubj |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 stomach | case |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 cow | det |
| 5 | cow | cow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 stomach | nmod:poss |
| 6 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 5 cow | case |
| 7 | stomach | stomach | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 microbes | nmod |
| 8 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | methane | methane | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 make | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 gas | punct |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 gas | det |
| 12 | gas | gas | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 methane | appos |
| 13 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 warms | nsubj |
| 14 | warms | warm | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 gas | acl:relcl |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 climate | det |
| 16 | climate | climate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 warms | obj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 burp | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 burp | cc |
| 19 | cows | cow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 burp | nsubj |
| 20 | burp | burp | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 make | conj |
| 21 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 20 burp | obj |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 it | case |
| 23 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 most | nmod |
| 24 | out | out | ADP | _ | 20 burp | compound:prt |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 testing | punct |
| 26 | scientists | scientist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 testing | nsubj |
| 27 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 testing | aux |
| 28 | testing | test | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 20 burp | parataxis |
| 29 | seaweed | seaweed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 testing | obj |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 32 feed | case |
| 31 | cow | cow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 feed | compound |
| 32 | feed | feed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 testing | obl |
| 33 | to | to | PART | _ | 34 cut | mark |
| 34 | cut | cut | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 testing | advcl |
| 35 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 cut | obj |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 make | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present | the microbes in a cow's stomach | methane | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset methane=Product | ||||
| 2 | warm | present | a gas | the climate | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent climate=Patient | ||||
| 3 | burp out | present | cows | most of climate | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | test | present · progressive | scientists | seaweed | cow feed | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seaweed=Theme | |||
| 5 | cut | to-infinitive | scientists not said here | seaweed | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:209-cows-cud-milk-burps-and-the-red-cape-myth.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/209-cows-cud-milk-burps-and-the-red-cape-myth/8/