Pigs: mud, snouts and brains, sentence 14

A pig often curls and wags its tail when happy, while a tail hanging straight down can mean it is unwell or stressed; pigs use more than twenty different grunts and squeals.

Who acts: pig, tail, pigs · What happens: curl, wag, hang, mean, be, stress · To what, where: tail, twenty different grunts · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Pigs: mud, snouts and brains» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pig, tail, pigs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 pig	det
2	pig	pig	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 curls	nsubj
3	often	often	ADV	_	4 curls	advmod
4	curls	curl	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 wags	cc
6	wags	wag	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 curls	conj
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 tail	nmod:poss
8	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 wags	obj
9	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	10 happy	advmod
10	happy	happy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 curls	advcl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 mean	punct
12	while	while	SCONJ	_	19 mean	mark
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 tail	det
14	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 mean	nsubj
15	hanging	hang	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	14 tail	acl
16	straight	straight	ADV	_	17 down	advmod
17	down	down	ADV	_	15 hanging	advmod
18	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	19 mean	aux
19	mean	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 curls	advcl
20	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 unwell	nsubj
21	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 unwell	cop
22	unwell	unwell	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 mean	ccomp
23	or	or	CCONJ	_	24 stressed	cc
24	stressed	stress	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	22 unwell	conj
25	;	;	PUNCT	_	27 use	punct
26	pigs	pig	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 use	nsubj
27	use	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 curls	parataxis
28	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV	30 twenty	advmod
29	than	than	ADP	_	28 more	fixed
30	twenty	twenty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	32 grunts	nummod
31	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 grunts	amod
32	grunts	grunt	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 use	obj
33	and	and	CCONJ	_	34 squeals	cc
34	squeals	squeal	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 grunts	conj
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 curls	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	curl	present	a pig		often property	vn coil-9.6-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Theme
2	wag	present	a pig not said here	bit's tail		vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Patient
3	hang	gerund	a tail not said here		down property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	mean	can	a tail			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
5	is	present	tail		unwell property	tree rules
6	stress	participle	tail not said here			vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
7	use	present	pigs	twenty different grunts and squeals		vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grunt=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:210-pigs-mud-snouts-and-brains.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/210-pigs-mud-snouts-and-brains/14/