Worms, snails and slugs, sentence 8

Worms pull dead leaves into their burrows and eat them with soil; their droppings, called casts, make the soil rich, and their tunnels let air and water in.

Who acts: Worms, droppings, tunnels · What happens: pull, eat, call, make, let · To what, where: dead leaves, burrows, leaves, casts, soil, air · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Worms, snails and slugs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Worms, droppings, tunnels), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Worms	worm	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 pull	nsubj
2	pull	pull	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	dead	dead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 leaves	amod
4	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 pull	obj
5	into	into	ADP	_	7 burrows	case
6	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 burrows	nmod:poss
7	burrows	burrow	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 pull	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 eat	cc
9	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 pull	conj
10	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 eat	obj
11	with	with	ADP	_	12 soil	case
12	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 eat	obl
13	;	;	PUNCT	_	2 pull	punct
14	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 droppings	nmod:poss
15	droppings	dropping	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 make	nsubj
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 casts	punct
17	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	18 casts	acl
18	casts	cast	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 droppings	conj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 make	punct
20	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 pull	parataxis
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 soil	det
22	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 make	obj
23	rich	rich	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 make	xcomp
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 let	punct
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 let	cc
26	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	27 tunnels	nmod:poss
27	tunnels	tunnel	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 let	nsubj
28	let	let	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 make	conj
29	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 let	obj
30	and	and	CCONJ	_	31 water	cc
31	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 air	conj
32	in	in	ADV	_	28 let	advmod
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 pull	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	pull	present	Worms	dead leaves	leaves's burrows		vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Theme
2	eat	present	Worms not said here	leaves = leaf		with soil	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient
3	call	participle		casts not said here			vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	make	present	leaves's droppings and casts	the soil		rich property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset soil=Product
5	let	present	droppings's tunnels	air and water			vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:217-worms-snails-and-slugs.lesson:8.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/217-worms-snails-and-slugs/8/