Elephants: families, tusks, ears and memory, sentence 16

Elephants touch and smell the bones of dead elephants; scientists think they know these are their own kind, but nobody knows exactly what they feel.

Who acts: Elephants, scientists, these, nobody · What happens: touch, smell, think, know, be, feel · To what, where: bones, own kind · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Elephants: families, tusks, ears and memory» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Elephants, scientists, these, nobody), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Elephants	elephant	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 touch	nsubj
2	touch	touch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 smell	cc
4	smell	smell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 touch	conj
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 bones	det
6	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 smell	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 elephants	case
8	dead	dead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 elephants	amod
9	elephants	elephant	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 bones	nmod
10	;	;	PUNCT	_	12 think	punct
11	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 think	nsubj
12	think	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 touch	parataxis
13	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 know	nsubj
14	know	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 think	ccomp
15	these	this	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	19 kind	nsubj
16	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 kind	cop
17	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	19 kind	nmod:poss
18	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 kind	amod
19	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 know	ccomp
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 knows	punct
21	but	but	CCONJ	_	23 knows	cc
22	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	23 knows	nsubj
23	knows	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 think	conj
24	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	27 feel	advmod
25	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	27 feel	obj
26	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 feel	nsubj
27	feel	feel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 knows	ccomp
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 touch	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	touch	present	Elephants			vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	smell	present	Elephants not said here	the bones of dead elephants		vn see-30.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bone=Stimulus
3	think speech: other	present	scientists			vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
4	know	present	scientists = scientist			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
5	is a	present	these	scientists's own kind		tree rules
6	know	present	nobody			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
7	feel	present	scientists = scientist		exactly property	vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:022-elephants-families-tusks-ears-memory.lesson:16.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/22-elephants-families-tusks-ears-memory/16/