Pigeons: head bobbing, homing and city cliffs, sentence 2

People have kept pigeons for thousands of years, for food, for racing and for carrying messages, because a homing pigeon taken far away will fly straight back to its own loft.

Who acts: People, messages, homing pigeon · What happens: keep, carry, take, fly · To what, where: pigeons, homing pigeon

This is a sentence of the lesson «Pigeons: head bobbing, homing and city cliffs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (People, messages, homing pigeon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	People	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 kept	nsubj
2	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 kept	aux
3	kept	keep	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	pigeons	pigeon	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 kept	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 thousands	case
6	thousands	thousand	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 kept	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 years	case
8	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 thousands	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 food	punct
10	for	for	ADP	_	11 food	case
11	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 kept	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 racing	punct
13	for	for	ADP	_	14 racing	case
14	racing	racing	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 kept	obl
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 messages	cc
16	for	for	ADP	_	18 messages	case
17	carrying	carry	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	18 messages	acl
18	messages	message	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 racing	conj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 fly	punct
20	because	because	SCONJ	_	28 fly	mark
21	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 pigeon	det
22	homing	homing	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 pigeon	compound
23	pigeon	pigeon	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 fly	nsubj
24	taken	take	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	23 pigeon	acl
25	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	26 away	advmod
26	away	away	ADV	_	24 taken	advmod
27	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	28 fly	aux
28	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 kept	advcl
29	straight	straight	ADV	_	30 back	advmod
30	back	back	ADV	_	28 fly	advmod
31	to	to	ADP	_	34 loft	case
32	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	34 loft	nmod:poss
33	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	34 loft	amod
34	loft	loft	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 back	obl
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 kept	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	keep	present · perfect	People	pigeons	for thousands of years; for food; for racing and messages	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pigeon=Theme
2	carry	gerund	messages not said here			vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	take	participle		a homing pigeon not said here	away property	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	fly	future	a homing pigeon			vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:221-pigeons-head-bobbing-homing-and-city-cliffs.lesson:2.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/221-pigeons-head-bobbing-homing-and-city-cliffs/2/