Gulls: chip thieves, rain dances and salty water, sentence 3
There is no single bird called a seagull: there are many kinds of gull, like the herring gull and the black-headed gull, and many of them live far inland, around rubbish tips, fields and city roofs.
Who acts: single bird, many kinds, many · What happens: be, call, head, live · To what, where: seagull, rubbish tips · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Gulls: chip thieves, rain dances and salty water» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (single bird, many kinds, many), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 is | expl |
| 2 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 5 bird | det |
| 4 | single | single | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 bird | amod |
| 5 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 is | nsubj |
| 6 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 bird | acl |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 seagull | det |
| 8 | seagull | seagull | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 called | xcomp |
| 9 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 2 is | punct |
| 10 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 11 are | expl |
| 11 | are | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 is | conj |
| 12 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 kinds | amod |
| 13 | kinds | kind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 are | nsubj |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 gull | case |
| 15 | gull | gull | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 kinds | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 gull | punct |
| 17 | like | like | ADP | _ | 20 gull | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 gull | det |
| 19 | herring | herring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 gull | compound |
| 20 | gull | gull | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 kinds | nmod |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 gull | cc |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 gull | det |
| 23 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 gull | amod |
| 24 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 23 black | punct |
| 25 | headed | head | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 26 gull | amod |
| 26 | gull | gull | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 gull | conj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 live | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 live | cc |
| 29 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 live | nsubj |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 them | case |
| 31 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 many | nmod |
| 32 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 is | conj |
| 33 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 34 inland | advmod |
| 34 | inland | inland | ADV | _ | 32 live | advmod |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 tips | punct |
| 36 | around | around | ADP | _ | 38 tips | case |
| 37 | rubbish | rubbish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 tips | compound |
| 38 | tips | tip | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 live | obl |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 fields | punct |
| 40 | fields | field | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 tips | conj |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 roofs | cc |
| 42 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 roofs | compound |
| 43 | roofs | roof | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 tips | conj |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 is | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | present | no single bird | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | call | participle | no single bird not said here | a seagull | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | does | present | many kinds of gull like the herring gull and the black headed gull | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | head | participle | vn conduct-111.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | live | present | many of kinds | rubbish tips and fields and city roofs | inland property | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme around tip=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:223-gulls-chip-thieves-rain-dances-and-salty-water.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×3, R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/223-gulls-chip-thieves-rain-dances-and-salty-water/3/