Bears, sentence 12

Giant pandas eat almost only bamboo, up to about 12 to 38 kilograms a day, and grip it with an extra wrist bone that works like a thumb; their teeth and tummy are built like a meat-eater's, and bamboo gives so little energy that they eat for up to about 14 hours a day.

Who acts: Giant pandas, extra wrist bone, bamboo, teeth · What happens: eat, grip, work, build, give · To what, where: bamboo, teeth, little energy

This is a sentence of the lesson «Bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Giant pandas, extra wrist bone, bamboo, teeth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 pandas	amod
2	pandas	panda	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 eat	nsubj
3	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	almost	almost	ADV	_	5 only	advmod
5	only	only	ADV	_	6 bamboo	advmod
6	bamboo	bamboo	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 eat	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 kilograms	punct
8	up	up	ADV	_	14 kilograms	advmod
9	to	to	ADP	_	14 kilograms	case
10	about	about	ADV	_	11 12	advmod
11	12	12	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	14 kilograms	nummod
12	to	to	ADP	_	13 38	case
13	38	38	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	11 12	nmod
14	kilograms	kilogram	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 bamboo	obl
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 day	det
16	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 eat	obl:unmarked
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 grip	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 grip	cc
19	grip	grip	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 eat	conj
20	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 grip	obj
21	with	with	ADP	_	25 bone	case
22	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 bone	det
23	extra	extra	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 bone	amod
24	wrist	wrist	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 bone	compound
25	bone	bone	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 grip	obl
26	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	27 works	nsubj
27	works	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 bone	acl:relcl
28	like	like	ADP	_	30 thumb	case
29	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	30 thumb	det
30	thumb	thumb	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 works	obl
31	;	;	PUNCT	_	37 built	punct
32	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	33 teeth	nmod:poss
33	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	37 built	nsubj:pass
34	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 tummy	cc
35	tummy	tummy	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 teeth	conj
36	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	37 built	aux:pass
37	built	build	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 eat	parataxis
38	like	like	ADP	_	42 eater	case
39	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	42 eater	det
40	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 eater	compound
41	-	-	PUNCT	_	40 meat	punct
42	eater	eater	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 built	obl
43	's	's	PART	_	42 eater	case
44	,	,	PUNCT	_	47 gives	punct
45	and	and	CCONJ	_	47 gives	cc
46	bamboo	bamboo	NOUN	Number=Sing	47 gives	nsubj
47	gives	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 eat	parataxis
48	so	so	ADV	_	49 little	advmod
49	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	50 energy	amod
50	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	47 gives	obj
51	that	that	SCONJ	_	53 eat	mark
52	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	53 eat	nsubj
53	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	47 gives	parataxis
54	for	for	ADP	_	59 hours	case
55	up	up	ADV	Degree=Pos	59 hours	advmod
56	to	to	ADP	_	59 hours	case
57	about	about	ADV	_	58 14	advmod
58	14	14	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	59 hours	nummod
59	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	53 eat	obl
60	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	61 day	det
61	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	59 hours	nmod
62	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 eat	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	eat	present	Giant pandas	bamboo	day		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bamboo=Patient
2	grip	present	Giant pandas not said here	bamboo		with a extra wrist bone	vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent it=Theme with bone=Instrument
3	work	present	a extra wrist bone			like a thumb	vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	build	present · passive		kilograms's teeth and tummy		like a meat eater	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
5	give	present	bamboo	little energy			vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme
6	eat	present	teeth = tooth		hour		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:023-bears.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/23-bears/12/