Animal minds: clever crows, ravens, jays and parrots, sentence 6

New Caledonian crows make hooks from twigs to pull grubs out of holes, and a crow called Betty once bent a straight wire into a hook.

Who acts: New Caledonian crows, crow · What happens: make, pull, call, bend · To what, where: hooks, twigs, grubs, holes, crow, straight wire · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Animal minds: clever crows, ravens, jays and parrots» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (New Caledonian crows, crow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	New	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 crows	amod
2	Caledonian	caledonian	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 crows	compound
3	crows	crow	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 make	nsubj
4	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	hooks	hook	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 make	obj
6	from	from	ADP	_	7 twigs	case
7	twigs	twig	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 hooks	nmod
8	to	to	PART	_	9 pull	mark
9	pull	pull	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 make	advcl
10	grubs	grub	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 pull	obj
11	out	out	ADP	_	13 holes	case
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 holes	case
13	holes	hole	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 pull	obl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 bent	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 bent	cc
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 crow	det
17	crow	crow	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 bent	nsubj
18	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	17 crow	acl
19	Betty	betty	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 called	xcomp
20	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	21 bent	advmod
21	bent	bend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 make	conj
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 wire	det
23	straight	straight	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 wire	amod
24	wire	wire	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 bent	obj
25	into	into	ADP	_	27 hook	case
26	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	27 hook	det
27	hook	hook	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 bent	obl
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 make	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	make	present	New Caledonian crows	hooks	twigs		vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.product PP.material»: agent=Agent hook=Product from twig=Material
2	pull	to-infinitive	New Caledonian crows not said here	grubs	holes		vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent grub=Theme out hole=Initial_Location
3	call	participle		a crow not said here			vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	bend	past	a crow	a straight wire	a hook	once property	vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent wire=Material into hook=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:233-animal-minds-clever-crows-ravens-jays-and-parrots.lesson:6.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/233-animal-minds-clever-crows-ravens-jays-and-parrots/6/